Adrenocorticosteroids

Miscellaneous Agents. Those chemotherapeutic agents, which do not fit into any of the classifications discussed, ate Hsted iu Table 7. Mitotane (67), a stmctural isomer of DDT, is used to iaduce chemical adrenalectomies iu patients having adrenal cancer by teduciug host levels of adrenocorticosteroids. 

Mecfianism of Action An adrenocorticosteroid that prevents or controls inflamma-tion by controllingthe rate of protein synthesis decreasing migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and fibroblasts and reversing capillary permeability Therapeutic Effect Inhalation Inhibits bronchoconstriction, produces smooth muscle relaxation, decreases mucus secretion. Intranasal Decreases response to seasonal and perennial rhinitis. 

Mectianism of Action An adrenocorticosteroid that controls the rate of protein synthesis, depresses migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes, reverses capillary permeability, and stabilizes lysosomal membranes. Therapeutic Effect Prevents or controls inflammation. 

Mechanism of Action An adrenocorticosteroid that inhibits the release of inflammatory cells into nasal tissue, preventing early activation of the allergic reaction. Therapeutic Effect Decreases response to seasonal and perennial rhinitis. Pharmacokinetics Undetectable in plasma. Protein binding 98%-99%. The swallowed portion undergoes extensive metabolism. Excreted primarily through bile and, to a lesser extent, urine. Half-life 5.8 hr (nasal). 

Chapter 39 Adrenocorticosteroids Adrenocortical Antagonists Chapter 40 The Gonadal Hormones Inhibitors Chapter 41 Pancreatic Hormones Antidiabetic Drugs Chapter 42 Agents That Affect Bone Mineral Homeostasis... 

AccessMedicine Print Chapter 39. Adrenocorticosteroids Adrenocortical Antagonists... 

Messer J, Reitman D, Sacks HS, Smith H Jr, Chalmers TC. Association of adrenocorticosteroid therapy and peptic-ulcer disease. N Engl J Med 1983 309(1) 21 1. 

The adrenocorticosteroids have several important physiologic and pharmacologic functions. The glucocorticoids (cortisol, corticosterone) are primarily involved in the control of glucose metabolism and the body s ability to deal with stress. Glucocorticoids have other attributes, such as their ability to decrease inflammation and suppress the immune system. Mineralocorticoids, such as aldosterone, are involved in maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance in the body. 

Chrousos GP. Adrenocorticosteroids and adrenocortical antagonists. In Katzung BG, ed Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. 9th ed. New York Lange Medical Books/McGraw-Hill 2004. 

Types of Hormones Adrenocorticosteroids Prednisone Prednisolone Others Primary Antineoplastic Indications(s) Acute lymphoblastic leukemia chronic lymphocytic leukemia Hodgkin disease Common Adverse Effects Adrenocortical suppression general catabolic effect on supporting tissues [see Chapter 29]... 

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