Administration routes nanoparticles

Nanoparticles show great promise as devices for the controlled release of drugs, provided that the choice of material for nanoparticle formation is made with the appropriate considerations of the drug cargo, administration route, and the desired site of action. The use of nano- and microparticles as controlled drug-delivery devices has recently been extensively reviewed [97]. 

Parenteral is defined as situated or occurring outside the intestine, and especially introduced otherwise than by way of the intestines —pertaining to essentially any administration route other than enteral. This field is obviously too broad for an adequate focus in one book, let alone one chapter. Many have nonetheless used the term synonymously with injectable drug delivery. We restrict ourselves to this latter usage. This would thus include intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, intrathecal, and subdural injection. In this chapter we discuss the theoretical and practical aspects of solubilizing small molecules for injectable formulation development and will examine the role of surfactants and other excipients in more recent parenteral delivery systems such as liposomes, solid-drug nanoparticles and particulate carriers. 

Influence of administration route on tumor uptake and biodistribution of etoposide loaded solid lipid nanoparticles in Dalton s lymphoma tumor bearing mice. Journal of Controlled Release 2005, 105, (3), 185-198. 

Administration route 1 Bioactive 1 Biocompatibility 1 Biodegradable porous silicon 1 Bioresorbable property 1 Composite structures 5 Degradation products 5 Drug delivery 1 In vitro drug 2 In vivo drug 2 Intravenous delivery 4 Intravitreal delivery 4 Microparticles 1 Nanoparticles 1 Oral delivery 2 Peptide 3... 

Solid lipid nanoparticles have been investigated in many different administration routes parenteral, oral, (trans)dermal, ocular d64,i97 pulmonary.Furthermore, cationic SLN formulations were used to complex DNA for cell transfection. In the following chapter, selected studies are summarized with respect to a parenteral, oral and dermal administration as well as for gene delivery to illustrate the versatility of solid lipid nanoparticle formulations in drug delivery. 

Nanoparticles have been studied extensively as carriers for drugs employed in a wide variety of routes of administration, including parenteral [14], ocular [15], and peroral [16] pathways. The term nanoparticle is a collective name for any colloidal carrier of submicrometer dimension and includes nanospheres, nanocapsules, and liposomes. They can all be defined as solid carriers, approximately spherical and ranging in size from 10 to 1000 nm. They are generally polymeric in nature (synthetic or natural) and can be biodegradable... 

Keywords Drug delivery systems Targeted drug delivery Nanoparticles Nanobiotechnology Personalized medicine Routes of drug administration Drug delivery devices Controlled release Protein/peptide delivery Drug formulations... 

Nanoparticles can be used for oral products, for the various parenteral routes of administration, for topical use and for pulmonal inhalation as aerosol after nebulizing. 

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