Adjuvants radiation protectants

Kreuter and Speiser [77] developed a dispersion polymerization producing adjuvant nanospheres of polymethylmethacrylate) (PMMA). The monomer is dissolved in phosphate buffered saline and initiated by gamma radiation in the presence and absence of influenza virions. These systems showed enhanced adjuvant effect over aluminum hydroxide and prolonged antibody response. PMMA particles could be distinguished by TEM studies and the particle size was reported elsewhere to be 130 nm by photon correlation spectroscopy [75], The particle size could be reduced, producing monodisperse particles by inclusion of protective colloids, such as proteins or casein [40], Poly(methylmethacrylate) nanoparticles are also prepared... 

Commercial adjuvants were tested for /feSNPV activity improvement and Coax and Gustoi did not provide UV protection for the zSNPV baculovirus (58) (Table 2). They compared inactivation of a standard acetone-dried preparation of /feSNPV diseased larvae mixed with 20% lactose (IMC-01) a commercial wettable powder (SAN-240-WP, Sandoz), and a water-based formulation (SAN-24S0-WDC, Sandoz). They added a liquid-flowable material from Sandoz-Wander Inc., in the final spray-tank, at 10% W/V. San-240-WP formulation without adjuvant protected. zSNPV activity similarly dian die formulations with adjuvants, after 4 h exposure to simulated solar radiation (98.4, 113.1 and 108.8 % OAR, respectively whereas IMC-01 and no-adjuvant SAN-240-WDC lost significantly activity (9.1 and 39.0 % OAR, respectively). The use of a liquid-flowable material enhanced the //zSNPV activity 2-11 times after artificial sunlight exposure (50) (Table 4). 

---