Adhesives Biochips

Our previous studies showed that CNTs exhibit marked cytotoxicity (Cui et al., 2005 Tian et al., 2006). For example, SWCNTs can inhibit HEK293 cell proliferation, decrease cell adhesive ability in a dose-and time-dependent manner as shown in Fig. 9.7. HEK293 cells also exhibit active responses to SWCNTs such as secretion of some 20-30 kd proteins to wrap SWCNTs, aggregation of cells attached by SWCNTs and formation of nodular structures as shown in Fig. 9.8. Cell cycle analysis showed that 25pg/ml SWCNTs in medium induced Gt arrest and cell apoptosis in HEK293 cells as shown in Fig. 9.9. Biochip analysis showed that SWCNTs can induce up-regulation expression of cell cycle-associated genes such... 

Figure 1.26 Schematic of a cover slip with an array of air pockets sealed to a DNA biochip chamber by adhesive tape, (a) Overview (b) detail with side view of one air pocket [23] (by courtesy of RSC).

Divakar, R., Butler, D., Papautsky, I., Room temperature low-cost UV-cured adhesive bonding for microfluidic biochips. Micro Total Analysis Systems, Proceedings 5th TTAS Symposium, Monterey, CA, Oct. 21-25, 2001. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, the Netherlands, 2001, 385-386. 

Fig. 1 Biochip for locally controlled cell adhesion, and possible examples of application of such cell chips...

Due to the rather easy accessibility of novel functional polymer materials by click reactions, their potential scope of applications has significantly broadened in the last years. Through the preparation of functional thin polymer films, biohybrids, or self-assembly structures from end group or side chain functionalized polymers and functional block copolymers, applications, for example, as adhesives or additives, but especially also in optoelectronics, biomedicine, drug delivery, biochips, and micro- and nanoelectronics become accessible. 

Biomaterials. Adsorbed polymers find many apphcations as surface modifiers in biomedical apphcations. By choosing a combination of hydrophobic and hydrophilic copolsrmers, surfaces can be modified to make them biocompatible (65) (see Biomolecules at Interfaces). In the area of tissue engineering (qv), adsorbed layers with specihc amino acid sequences can be used to promote cell adhesion and proliferation. The recent developments in the design of biochips to analyze specihc DNA molecules also take advantage of this technology. Polymer adsorption on patterned surfaces can be used to mimic pattern recognition. This effect can be used to develop sensors and molecular-scale separation processes (66). 

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