Adhesion test results

Table II. Adhesive test results for 3 1 blend of 4-allyloxstyrene/DVE-3...

Formulations of selected experimental agents are provided in Table 1. Adhesion testing results are provided in Table 2. 

Since Si02 substrates appear frequently during IC fabrication, the adhesion test results for this substrate are important. Four types of oxides have been extensively tested. They are (1) thermal oxide grown at 7>1000°C, (2) softer oxide processed by conventional spin-on-glass technology, (3) phosphorus-doped LPCVD oxide, and (4) low-temperature (200°C) plasma deposited oxide. 

Peel values are recorded in pounds per inch of width of the bonded specimen. They tend to fluctuate more than any other adhesive test result because of the extremely small area at which the stress is localized during loading. Even during the test, the peel strength values tend to fluctuate depending on the type of adhesive, adherend, and condition of the test. In preparing the samples, care must be taken to produce void-free laminated bond lines. 

Preliminary Adhesive Testing Results. Phenol at a pH of 11 with twice the molar amount of formaldehyde was compared with Cascophen 313 (commercial softwood plywood resin by Borden Chemicals). At 124 °C, Cascophen 313 took 12.2 minutes to gel, whereas, the phenol with added paraformaldehyde did not gel even after 30 minutes. Table III. 

Figure 30.11 The wet adhesion test results of primer on air-plasma treated TPOs after (a) aging at room temperature and (b) aging at 40°C 2 3 torches, 2.0 A arc current, 1000 seem argon, 10 seem air, 270mtorr pressure, and 36.8 s plasma exposure time.

Table 31.1 Adhesion Test Results of Chromated Spray Primers [Deft 44-GN-36 (A) and Courtauld 519X303 (G)] to A1 Alloys Prepared with Chemical Cleanings and Plasma Surface Treatments...

Tabie 31.2 Adhesion Test Results of Chromated Primers [Deft 44-GN36 (A) and 44-GN-72 (Al)] to No Anode Assembly Plasma-Treated 7A(Ace/0)... 

Table 31.3 summarizes the adhesion test results of nonchromated primers [Spraylat EWAE118 (D) and Dexter 10-PW-22-2(X)] to plasma coatings deposited without an anode assembly, which were produced in both flow and closed system deposition processes. As noted in Table 31.3, closed system TMS plasma polymers (Tcs) showed superior primer adhesion performance to similar ones obtained from a flow system (Tfs). Similar to chromated primers, summarized in... 

Table 32.3 Adhesion Test Results for E-coat on Plasma-Treated IVD Al-coated 7075-T6 A1 ([71]) Substrates...

Table 32.4 displays the adhesion test results for different spray primers applied to T/F plasma-treated bare 7075-T6 alloys. The results demonstrate that this special plasma polymer coating gave rise to excellent water-insensitive adhesion of all three spray primers used in this study Turco solution could not delaminate any of the primers over a period of 24h. In addition, up to 6 days aging of T/F plasma coatings in air prior to primer application did not degrade the excellent adhesion performance of the systems. 

Table 32.5 shows the adhesion test results for the same spray primers applied to T/F plasma-treated IVD Al-coated 7075-T6 alloys. The DC T/F plasma-treated IVD aluminum panels also gave strong adhesion to subsequent spray paints. The spray paints could not be removed from the IVD Al oated A1 substrates with the Turco solution. 

Tabie 32.4 Adhesion Test Results for Primers Applied to T/F Plasma-Treated Bare 7075-T6 Panels That Had Been Precleaned with Alkaline and Deoxidizer Solutions Prior to Plasma Treatment... 

Table 32.7 Adhesion Test Results of Nonchromated Primers (Spraylat EWDY048 and ...

It was noted (from Figure 32.14) that the [2I](0)/T/(Ar)/Dl specimen, which performed well in the SO2 salt spray test, exhibited much larger corrosion widths along the scribed lines, and much pit corrosion away from the scribed lines was visually observed after Prohesion test. The worse performance of Spraylat primer-coated samples likely resulted from its weaker adhesion to plasma-treated IVD surface than Dexter primer, which has been shown earlier from the adhesion test results. Another possible reason might be due to its inferior barrier properties to Dexter primer because there was no pit corrosion observed for Dexter primer-coated samples but many pits on Spraylat primer-coated panels after the Prohesion test. 

In order to produce chromate-free plasma coating systems, the adhesion of closed system TMS coatings to nonchromated primers (Spraylat EWAE118 and Dexter lO-PW-22-2) was also investigated, and the adhesion test results are summarized in Table 32.9. Closed system TMS plasma polymers showed superior primer adhesion performance to those obtained from a flow system. Similar to chromated primers, summarized in Table 32.8, excellent primer adhesion was always achieved with closed system TMS plasma polymers treated with subsequent Ar plasma applications. 

In PP compoimds (which is the main use of mica in TP reinforcement), the mechanical and thermal properties are considerably enhanced by modifying the PP with a maleic anhydride compatibilizer, which improves adhesion. Test results suggest that the improvement continues with increasing amounts of maleic anhydride. 

Figure 15 Pseudobamacle adhesion test results (a) before water immersion and (b) after water immersion. Large data points correspond with high-MW polymers used in the coating. Adapted from Ekin, A. Webster, D. C. J. Comb. Chem. 2007, 9(1), 178-188, " and reprinted with permission from fhe American Chemical Society.

In practice, the adhesion test results comfortably exceed the minimum requirement e.g., a test sample pulled out at 212 kN m (216 kg cm M. 

Peel values are recorded in pounds per inch of width of the bonded specimen. They tend to fluctuate more than other adhesive test results because of the extremely small area at which the stress is localized during loading. 

Adhesion. Adhesion measurements provide a figure of merit for the degree of conductor bonding to the substrate. The various mechanisms for bonding to the substrate are composition-dependent and were discussed in Sec. 8.2.3 under Inorganic Binders. This property is one of the most difficult to measure in terms of reproducibility and correlation. This is a result of the many factors that affect adhesion test results. These include, but are not limited to, the following specific conductor formulation, substrate, test pattern, test preparation, wire attachment method, solder type, and adhesion test method. 

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