Adaptive syndrome

De Beilis MD, Baum AS, Birmaher B, Keshavan MS, Eccard CH, Boring AM, Jenkins FJ, Ryan ND (1999) A.E. Bennett Research Award. Developmental traumatology. Part 1 Biological stress systems [see comments]. Biol Psychiatry 45 1259-1270 de Kloet ER, Joels M, Oitzl M, Sutanto W (1991) Implication of brain corticosteroid receptor diversity for the adaptation syndrome concept. Methods Achiev Exp Pathol 14 104-132 Delahanty DL, Raimonde AJ, Spoonster E (2000) Initial posttraumatic urinary cortisol levels predict subsequent PTSD symptoms in motor vehicle accident victims. Biol Psychiatry 48 940-947... 

Along with certain other flavonoids and compounds such as abscisic acid, the jasmonates, and ethylene, it seems that the anthocyanins may function to mitigate the effects of general stress, and are therefore a useful component of the general adaptation syndrome ... 

Leshem, Y.Y. and Kuiper, P.J.C., Is there a GAS (general adaptation syndrome) response to various types of environmental stress Biol Plant., 38, 1, 1996. 

Regulates general adaptation syndrome, water balance, blood pressure, and hormone release. 

The immediate response to stress in a normotensive person may be considered to fall in the alarm reaction stage of what Selye (145,147) has elected to call a general adaptation syndrome, whose manifestations are essentially independent of the specific nature of the stress. The development of clinically sustained hypertension has been considered by him to fall into a second stage of resistance to a prolonged exposure to stress. Similarly, Wolf et al. (166) have presented recently an interesting discussion of hypertension as a reaction pattern to stress. The very readable article by White (164) also stresses the importance of the neurogenic aspects of early hypertension as a major factor that must be dealt with in the management of this disease. 

The first definition of MCS was created by Theron Randolph in 1962. Randolph described MCS as a condition that (1) is acquired (2) includes physical and mental symptoms that can be triggered by chemical exposure (3) has a specific adaptation syndrome (i.e., adaptation to chemicals is followed by chronic illness, withdrawal symptoms upon removal, and shock upon re-exposure) (4) is characterized by a spreading phenomena (i.e., an intolerance to an increasing number of environmental chemicals) and (5) may be resolved by avoidance of chemicals. 

The described symptoms of encephalopathy and severe trophic-exchange disorders appeared after a seemingly clinical healing, usually in a few days or weeks after the acute poisoning and developed clinical manifestations of Sel s adaptation syndrome type, after which naturally many of the animals died (Table 1). 

Selye, H. (1946). The general adaptation syndrome and disease of adaptation. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 6 117-30. 

Selye, H. (1952). The Story of the Adaptation Syndrome (Told in the Form of Informal, Illustrated Lectures). Montreal ACTA Inc. 

The general adaptation syndrome (Selye 1936, 1979) describes three stages of the human response to stressors. In simplified form, this seqnence corresponds to (1) aronsal, (2) resistance, and (3) exhaustion, t The literature on stress and its effects on decision making will not be surveyed here. Books edited by Hamilton and Warbnrton (1979), Svenson and Manle (1993), Driskell and Salas (1996), and Hin et al. (1997) provide a good introdnction to the area... 

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