Acute myeloid leukemia classification

Bacher U, Kern W, Schnittger S, Hiddemann W, Schoch C, Haferlach T. Further correlations of morphology according to FAB and WHO classification to cytogenetics in de novo acute myeloid leukemia A study on 2,235 patients. Ann Hematol 2005 84(12) 785—791. 

Wilson CS, Davidson GS, Martin SB et al. Gene expression profiling of adult acute myeloid leukemia identifies novel biologic clusters for risk classification and outcome prediction. Blood 2006 ... 

TABLE 131—2. Morphologic (FAB) Classification of Acute Myeloid Leukemia... 

Acute myeloid leukemia (AM L) is a neoplastic proliferation of myeloid hematopoietic stem cells or myeloid precursors including myeloblasts, monoblasts, erythroblasts and megakaryoblasts. According to the FAB classification, AML is classified into eight subtypes (M0-M7) depending on the cell type involved in the neoplastic process. 

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a specific type of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) characterized by the morphology of blast cells (M3 in the French American British classification of AML) [1, 2], the t [15, 17] translocation [3] which fuses the promyelocytic leukemia (PML) gene on chromosome 15 to the retinoic acid receptor (RARa) a gene on chromosome 17 [4, 5], and by a coagulopathy combining disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and fibrinolysis [6, 7]. Until recently, intensive chemotherapy, usually combining an anthracycHne and cytosine arabinoside (AraC) was the only effective treatment of APL [8-22]. 

Treatment results in childhood acute leukemia continue to be improved due to new therapeutic and diagnostic methods. An optical microscopy method with specific staining allows to classify acute leukemia into lymphoblastic and myeloid types and discriminate its subtypes according to principals of FAB-classification. A flow cytometry method with monoclonal antibodies staining allows us to discriminate different immunophenotypic subtypes of acute... 

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