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Actuation Methods

Inertial impactors fractionate aerosol particles aerody-namically according to their inertia, which increases with size. Inertial impaction is the most widely used method for sizing MDI aerosols, partly because a large sample is measured, consisting of the total aerosol generated from a number of actuations. Methods of this type have the advantage that the aerodynamic... [Pg.2282]

Figure 1. Microfluidic platforms classified according to actuation method. Figure 1. Microfluidic platforms classified according to actuation method.
Actuation method Analyte Surface materials References... [Pg.110]

To prevent biomolecular adsorption and water stiction, the surface materials for a microfluidic device should be carefully chosen with consideration of the actuation method (hydrodynamic or electrokinetic) and analytes to be manipulated (small solutes, DNA, proteins, and/or cells). Tables 2 and 3 summarize the surface materials that have been used in microfiuidic applications. [Pg.110]

A DHT configuration on a planar surface is shown in Fig. 2 where droplets are actuated via electrowetting on a dielectric (EWOD) or dielectrophoresis (DEP). In both these actuation methods, electrodes are patterned onto a substrate using microfabrication techniques and then covered with a dielectric layer that also functions as a hydrophobic layer. If a voltage is applied to an electrode near the interface of a droplet, the... [Pg.595]

Digitized Heat Transfer, Table 1 Eorces and velocity for various droplet actuation methods. P is the applied voltage, c is the capacitance per unit area, d is the thickness of the dielectric layer, R is the radius, p is the viscosity, h is the channel height, L is the droplet length, q is the charge per unit area. A is the potential difference, is the dielectric constant, y is the surface tension, T is the temperature, and 0 is the contact angle. For additional information, please refer to Ref. [7]... [Pg.596]

The experimental results show that ferrofluids needs more research efforts in micro pumping, and magnetic actuation can be an appropriate alternative for more common techniques such as electromechanical, electrokinetic, and piezoelectric actuation methods. [Pg.1693]

Manipulating fluids in a two-phase flow system is much more complicated than in single-phase systems. Fluid flows can be actuated spontaneously, nonmechanically, or mechanically. The most frequently used flow actuation method, till now, is still pressure-driven pumps due to their availability and versatility. Especially, for a two-phase flow system, the naturally existing inhomogeneity makes other methods much more difficult to be applied. Electroosmosis, for instance, resulting from the force exerted on a space-charge region in the liquid by an electric field, will not work if the conductivity continuum in the fluid is interrupted by an entrapped dielectric liquid droplet or gas bubble. [Pg.2862]

Polymer composites with carbon compounds as fillers such as carbon black (CB), carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, or graphite were highly conductive materials. The carbon compounds significantly reduced the electric resistance and resulted in conductive SMPC, which could be triggered by means of Joule heat as an indirect actuation method. The just mentioned carbon compounds could conduct electricity in the plane of each covalently bonded sheet due to the delocalization of outer... [Pg.70]

When necessary to meet the reliability requirement, the form of diversity to be introduced into the system s design. Diverse features can be specified in terms of diverse detection, measurement, voting and actuation methods in terms of different functions to react to the same postulated initiating event and in terms of independent and diverse system components. The appropriate types of... [Pg.28]

Other bio-responsive hydrogels have been developed to give an optical output that use different actuation methods. These include sensors for a-cyclodextrin, in which a reaction with polydiacetylene liposomes embedded in poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) leads to a visible colour change of the hydrogel from blue to red [17]. [Pg.50]

Actuation method Analytes Surface materials References 1... [Pg.73]


See other pages where Actuation Methods is mentioned: [Pg.14]    [Pg.473]    [Pg.596]    [Pg.605]    [Pg.1691]    [Pg.2807]    [Pg.3310]    [Pg.248]    [Pg.91]    [Pg.663]    [Pg.21]    [Pg.71]    [Pg.378]    [Pg.2064]    [Pg.15]   


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