Activation-displacement

Sandberg et al. present a two-zone model for a zoning strategy and active displacement air distribution method. 

E. Sandbetg, H. Koskela, and T. Hautalampi, Convective flows and vertical temperature gradi ent with the active displacement air distribution, in Roomvent 9H, Stockholm,. Sweden, 1998,... 

Measured results of effectiveness and turbulent mixing are presented In literature by Bach (several air distribution methods) and Hagstrom et al. (mixing air distribution methods in zoning strategy).A typical example of an air distribution method and device in the zoning strategy is the so-called active displacement method, which is based on a nozzle duct device. ... 

Table 2 New Dihydroxy Aromatic Systems for Activated Displacement Polymerization...

The advantage of the activated displacement polymerization is the facile incorporation of different and unconventional structural units in the polymer backbone. Most of the heteroarylene activated polyethers prepared by this route are soluble in many organic solvents. The solubility behavior of new polyethers is shown in Table 8. In contrast to many polyphenylenequi-noxalines, poly(aryl ether phenylquinoxalines) prepared by the quionoxaline activated displacement reaction are soluble in NMP. Solubility in NMP is important since it is frequently used for polymer processing in the microelectronics industry [27]. 

Figure 3.2 Three major methods in chromatography. The commonest form of chromatography involves the introduction of a small volume of sample onto a column and is known as zonal chromatography. Movement down the column is effected by the mobile phase, which may be simply a solvent (A) allowing partition of the test molecules between the stationary and mobile phases. Alternatively, the mobile phase may be a solvent containing solute molecules (B), which actively displace test molecules from the stationary phase. A less frequently used method known as frontal separation (C) does not involve a separate mobile phase but a large volume of the sample is allowed to pass through the column and as the various components separate, concentration fronts develop and their movement can be monitored.

To eliminate arylating activity, displace halogens at the ortho position to the meta or para positions in pyridine-type heteroaromatic rings. 

Poly(arylene ether triazole)s have also been prepared by heterocyclic-activated displacement polymerization [36], The 1,2,4-triazole unit sufficiently activated, albeit weakly, aryl fluorides for nucleophilic displacement. Several 3,5-bis(4-fluorophenyl)-4-aryl-l,2,4-triazoles were polymerized with various bis-phenols to yield polymers with Tgs from 185 to 230 °C [36]. The 1,2,4-triazole unit appears to be one of the more weakly activating heterocycles towards nucleophilic substitution polymerization. 

Computer simulations of the diffusion process in relaxed Fe-Zr glasses reveal diffusion which takes place directly via thermally activated displacement... 

The observation that the self-diffusion exhibits Arrhenius behavior is consistent with a direct collective mechanism because the thermally activated displacement chains are spread over a considerable number of atomic distances. Irregularities in the disordered glassy structure are therefore averaged in the activated state, and all activation energies for displacements are then closely... 

The general analysis of the dependences D(6) without lateral interactions on the inhomogeneous surfaces has been performed [259]. As 6 grows, the random walk of the adspecies in the external field on a lattice with the chaotic sites distribution first causes their increasing and then (on further 6 growth) decreasing active displacement. If the external field is absent or the number of traps is small, this effect is not observed. The dependence D(6) has been computed for different fractions of the casually blocked regions and the variously distributed traps [259]. 

Elementary reaction kinetic studies of CHCs and BHCs with specific emphasis on the reactions of chlorinated phenol and other dioxin precursors chemically activated displacement reactions Cl", Br H 0% and HO" reactions and ab initio molecular orbital calculations... 

Fig. 112 shows the temperature profile for the moment at which the dynamic equilibrium is established, when steam is injected into the bed without interruption at rates indicated above. We may accept 70°C to be the minimum temperature at which petroleum can still be actively displaced from the reservoir by the heat carrier. In that case, the maximum radial distance from the injection well at which steam still has some effect is about 180 m (Fig. 112). At that point, the thermal efficiency co-efficient does not exceed 0.15.

Figure 4-102. Total current and voltage waveforms for DBD in argon with active displacement current control.

Active Displacement primarily due to organism s own locomotory devices t Most insects... 

The 8j Ar2, mechanism of aromatic nucleophilic substitution is theoretically sound and based on experimental evidence, the most decisive of which involves carbocyclic compounds. Strong support for the mechanism has been published by Bunnett and Randall, in particular, the nature of the base-catalysis of the reaction of 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene with. AT -methylanUine. The characteristic order (F > Cl Br I) of halogen reactivity in activated displace-... 

In the evaluation of intra-articular loose bodies the active displacement of the bone fragment is an important diagnostic criterion (Bianchi and Martinoli 1999). Intra-articular loose bodies can be demonstrated by showing them surrounded by fluid in a recess of the ankle joint (Fig. 16.89) or in the subtalar joint (Fig. 16.90). Flexion and extension of the joint cause changes in the shape of the recess and, as a consequence, in the position of the loose bodies (Bianchi and Martinoli 1999). In patients without a synovial effusion or in cases of doubtful findings (e.g., a small... 

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