Acrilic acid

Acetanilide and maleic acid are condensed to give beta-(p-acetaminobenzoyl) acrilic acid which is hydrogenated to give methyl-gamma-(p-aminophenyl) butyrate. That is reacted with ethylene oxide and then with phosphorus oxychloride to give the methyl ester which is finally hydrolyzed to give chlorambucil. 

According to literary data, the following mixtures of aromatic/aliphatic-aromatic hydrocarbons were separated toluene/ n-hexane, toluene/n-heptane, toluene/n-octane, toluene/f-octane, benzene/w-hexane, benzene/w-heptane, benzene/toluene, and styrene/ethylbenzene [10,82,83,109-129]. As membrane media, various polymers were used polyetherurethane, poly-esterurethane, polyetherimide, sulfonyl-containing polyimide, ionicaUy cross-linked copolymers of methyl, ethyl, n-butyl acrylate with acrilic acid. For example, when a composite polyetherimide-based membrane was used to separate a toluene (50 wt%)/n-octane mixture, the flux Q of 10 kg pm/m h and the separation factor of 70 were achieved [121]. When a composite mebrane based on sulfonyl-containing polyimide was used to separate a toluene (1 wt%)/ -octane mixture, the flux 2 of 1.1 kg pm/m h and the separation factor of 155 were achieved [10]. When a composite membrane based on ionically cross-linked copolymers of methyl, ethyl, w-butyl acrylate with acrilic acid was used to separate toluene (50 wt%)//-octane mixture, the flux Q of 20-1000 kg pm/m h and the separation factor of 2.5-13 were achieved [126,127]. 

Carotene was often used as model drug, but data on real drugs like hydrocortisone, paclitaxel, betulin and their derivatives have also been published poly(styrene)-fo-poly(ethylene oxide) (PS-fo-PEO), poly(butilacrylate)-fo-poly(acrilic acid), poly(ethylene glycol)-fo-poly(lactic acid) (PEG-fo-PLA) and PEG-fo-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), with different molecular weight, are some of the block copolymers employed by the authors. 

Fujiwara M, Baldeschwieler JD, Grubbs RH. Receptor-mediated endocytosis of poly(acrilic acid)-conju ted liposomes by macrophages. Biochim Biophys Acta 1996 1278(l) 59-67. 

Recently, a novel method to prepare multilayers and nanolayers from a sequential coextrusion process has been introduced. In this method, the number of layers can be largely increased at the expense of reducing the thickness of the coextruded layers. It is also possible to obtain nanodroplet dispersions by annealing such multilayer coextruded ensemble. The following systems have been studied employing this method polyethylene/ polystyrene (PE/PS), polypropylene/polystyrene (PP/ PS), polycarbonate/poly(ethylene terephtalate) (PC/ PET), and poly(ethylene oxide)/ethylene acrilic acid copolymer (PEO/EAA). The crystallization behavior within the nanolayers and within the spheres that are obtained after heating and coalescence of the nanolayers has also been studied [18,33,66,94,104, 111, 140-143]. 

SYNS ACRYLIC ACID, ETHYLENE ESTER ACRYLIC ACID, ETHYLENE GLYCOL DIESTER ETHYLDIOL ACRILATE (RUSSIAN) ETHYLENE DIACRYLATE ETHYLENE GLYCOL DIACRYLATE 2-PROPENOIC ACID-1,2-ETHANEDIYL ESTER... 

ETHYLDIOL ACRILATE (RUSSIAN) see EIPOOO ETHYLDIPHENYLTIN ACETATE see EIMIOO 0-ETHYL-S,S-DIPROPYL ESTER, PHOSPHORODITHIOIC ACID see EINOOO 0-ETHYL-S,S-DIPROPYLPHOSPHORODITHIOATE see EINOOO... 

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