Organometallics acids

Scheme 2 Iron can work as Lewis acid, organometallic and oxidation catalyst...

B,) Treatment of an organo- or a hydrido-nickel(II) compound with a Lewis acid. Organometallic compounds, such as alkylaluminum halides, which have Lewis acid properties, can also be used. 

Considerable challenges still remain in the development of new carbonylation processes for acetic acid manufacture. For example, all of the current processes use iodide compounds, leading to corrosive HI and the need for expensive materials for plant construction. An iodide-free system could potentially impart considerable benefit. Other long term goals include the selective direct conversion of syn-gas or oxidative carbonylation of methane to acetic acid. Organometallic chemists are certain to play a crucial role if these targets are to be achieved. 

There are many different types of catalysts (Figure 1.8). They range from the proton, H+, through Lewis acids, organometallic complexes, organic and inorganic polymers, all the way to enzymes. To simplify things, we divide catalysis into three... 

The types of compounds that can be separated by liquid-liquid chromatography include fatty acids, amino acids, organometallics, chelates, alcohols, amines, hydrocarbons, pesticides, herbicides, steroids, hormones, alkaloids, and antilnotics. A number of such separations have been illustrated by Schmit. ... 

Kless, A., Boemer, A., Heller, D., Selke, R. Ab Initio Studies of Rhodium(l)-N-Alkenylamide Complexes with cis- and trans-Coordinating Phosphines Relevance for the Mechanism of Catalytic Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Prochiral Dehydroamino Acids. Organometallics 1997,16, 2096-2100. 

Certain organic samples such as lower molecular weight alcohols, polyalcohols, organic acids, organometallic salts, amines and esters in either aliphatic or aromatic form can be analysed directly or after dilution in a suitable ICP-AES compatible solvent. These samples can be analysed for formulated or contaminated metals against a calibration curve prepared from a certified stock standard in the same solvent. Organic samples with varying viscosities, particularly for trace metals content, may be... 

Properties Colorless liquid. Liquid from -30 to 222C, aprotic, low volatility. Miscible with alcohols, esters, ketones, amines, amides, inorganic acids, organometallics soluble in water and hexane. 

The 2-sulfonyloxaziridine (57) is a more selective oxidant than peracids. The reagent has been employed in the oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides, disulfides to thiolsulfinates, selenides to selenoxides, thiols to sulfenic acids, organometallic reagents to alcohols and phenols, ketone and ester enolates to a-hydroxycarbonyl compounds (equation 31)41. The oxidation of chiral amide enolates gives optically active a-hydroxy carboxylic acids with 93-99% enantiomeric excess42. 

Acid Organometallic building block Formula of the resulting system References... 

King. J.B. Tsunoda. M. Gabbai, F.P. Complexation of aldehydes and ketones by trimeric perfluoro-orf/to-pheny-lene mercury, a tridentate Lewis acid. Organometallics 2002. 21. 4201-4205. 

Vaugeois. J. Simard, M. Wuest, J.D. Quadruple coordination of the carbonyl oxygen atom of an amide by a cyclic tetradentate Lewis acid. Organometallics 1998,17. 1215-1219. 

Braga. D. Cojazzi, G. Emiliani. D. Maini, L. Grepioni. F. Reversible gas-solid reactions between the organome-tallic rwitterion [(r -C5H4COOH)(r =-C5H4COO)Co ] and vapors of trifluoroacetic and tetrafluoroboric acids. Organometallics 2002. 21. 1315-1318. 

Scheme 2 Derivatization of squaric acid organometallic routes via coupling reactions [34-39]...

Bakos, J., Karaivanov, R., Laghmari, M. and Sinou, D., Chiral sulfonated phosphines. Role of water in the hydrogenation of dehydroamino acids, Organometallics, 1994,13, 2951. 

Tohnan CA, Seidel WC, Druliner JD, Domaille PJ (1984) Catalytic hydrocyanation of olefins by nickel(O) phosphite complexes - effects of Lewis acids. Organometallics 3(l) 33-38. doi 10.1021/om00079a008... 

Liu B, Zhou Y, ChenW. Copper(II) hydroxide complexes of N-heterocychc carbenes and catalytic oxidative amination of arylboronic acids. Organometallics. 2010 29 1457-1464. 

---