Acids glass

Resin-modified glass—ionomer lining and restorative materials add a multifunctional acidic monomer to the poly(acryhc acid) [9003-01 Hquid component of the system. Once the glass powder and Hquid are mixed, setting can proceed by the acid—glass—ionomer reaction or the added monomer can be polymerized by a free-radical mechanism to rapidly fix the material in place (74,75). The cured material stiH retains the fluoride releasing capabiHties of a glass—ionomer. 

Although Ce(IV) oxidation of carboxylic acids is slow and incomplete under similar reaction conditions , the rate is greatly enhanced on addition of perchloric acid. No kinetics were obtained but product analysis of the oxidations of -butyric, isobutyric, pivalic and acetic acids indicates an identical oxidative decarboxylation to take place. Photochemical decomposition of Ce(IV) carbo-xylates is highly efficient unity) and Cu(ll) diverts the course of reaction in the same way as in the thermal oxidation by Co(IIl). Direct spectroscopic evidence for the intermediate formation of alkyl radicals was obtained by Greatorex and Kemp ° who photoirradiated several Ce(IV) carboxylates in a degassed perchloric acid glass at 77 °K in the cavity of an electron spin resonance spectro-... 

Wilson, A. D. Ellis, J. (1989). Poly-vinylphosphonic acid glass ionomer cement. British Patent Application 8,924,129.3. 

Alteration of Electrical Potential (PD). Study of the Influence of allelochemicals on the electrical potentials across plant cell membranes has been restricted to phenolic acids. Glass and Dunlop (42) reported that at pH 7.2, 500 yM salicylic acid depolarized the electrical potential in epidermal cells of barley roots. The electrical potential changed from -150 mV to -10 mV within 12 min. Recovery of the PD was very slow over about 100 min when the salicylic acid was removed. As the concentration of the allelochemical was increased, the extent of depolarization increased, but the time required for depolarization and recovery were constant. 

The distillation flask was rinsed with 28% ammonium hydroxide solution to neutralize the acidic glass surface, then placed directly in the oven (i.e., with no aqueous rinse). 

Carmichael I. S. E. and McDonald A. (1961). The geochemistry of some natural acid glasses from the North Atlantic tertiary volcanic province. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 25 189-222. 

Ultraviolet irradiation of O, O -dialkyldithiophosphoric acid glasses at liquid nitrogen temperatures leads to the formation s ) of radical species of the type... 

In 1941 Lewis et al. reported their work on the long-lived luminescence of fluorescein in boric acid glass.8 They observed an emission band... 

Leboeuf, E. J., and W. J. Weber Jr., A distributed reactivity model for sorption by soils and sediments. 8. Sorbent organic domains Discovery of a humic acid glass transition and an argument for a polmer-based model , Environ. Sci. Technol., 31, 1697-1702 (1997). 

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Consumer Acid Glass Cleaner Acid Anionic Non-Streaking Glass Cleaner... 

These methods, used in conjunction with suitable phosphoroscopes, can also be used to measure quantum yields of phosphorescence (process 14) (32). Data are very scanty, due to experimental difficulties, so that estimates of the relative importance of processes 2, 3, 4, 14, and 15 remain very imperfect (48,64). Emission from fluid solutions is only by process 2, although with thorough de-oxygenation to eliminate process 11 process 14 might be detectable (34). Otherwise, process 14 is observed only in rigid glassy solvents, as with naphthalene, phenanthrene, or coronene in boric acid glass at room temperatures. 

Fig. 11. New absorption spectrum (solid line) appearing reversibly on irradiation of fluorescein in boric acid glass. The dotted line shows the normal absorption spectrum. After G. N. Lewis et al., J. Am. Ckem. Soc., to, 3005 (1941).

Fayer. 143) A recently reported example is of rhodamine 6G in boric acid glasses.(144) Concentrated solutions of some dyes, e.g., fluorescein, are also known to be capable of optical bistability.(145,146) Dirk and Kuzyk report... 

This interpretation indicates that the oxidizing radical is thermodynamically favored over the reducing radical. This is confirmed by quantum mechanical calculations (Naumov and von Sonntag, unpubl. results Wu et al. 2004), and when low-temperature sulfuric acid glasses containing Ura or Thy are X-irradi-ated, the dominant radical seen by EPR is the 5-yl radical (Riederer and Hut-termann 1982). 

Bansal KM, Patterson LK, Schuler RH (1972) Production of halide ion in the radiolysis of aqueous solutions of the 5-halouracils. J Phys Chem 76 2386-2392 Barnes JP, Bernhard WA (1994) One-electron-reduced cytosine in acidic glasses conformational states before and after proton transfer. J Phys Chem 98 887-893 Barvian MR, Greenberg MM (1992) Independent generation of the major adduct of hydroxyl radical and thymidine. Examination of intramolecular hydrogen atom transfer in competition with thiol trapping.Tetrahedron Lett 33 6057-6060... 

Richardson NA, Gu J, Wang S, Xie Y, Schaefer HF III (2004) DNA nucleosides and their radical anions molecular structures and electron affinities. J Am Chem Soc 126 4404-4411 Riederer FI, Fluttermann J (1982) Matrix isolation of free radicals from 5-halouracils. 3. Electron spin resonance of base oxidation in aqueous acidic glasses. J Phys Chem 86 3454-3463 Riederer FI, Fluttermann J, Symons MCR (1978) cr -Electron addition to 5-halogenouracils in neutral glasses. J Chem Soc Chem Commun 313-314... 

Ascorbic acid Glass DC amperometry End-channel (off-chip) Carbon fiber [138]... 

Ascorbic acid, uric acid Glass DC amperometry In-channel Gold [87]... 

Aqueous glasses can only be obtained from solutions containing high concentrations of acid or alkali. Trapped electrons are not detected in acid glasses although the esr spectrum of the hydrogen atom is observed62. Presumably the reaction... 

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