Acid jellying separator

Acid jellying separator. Recently, a microporous separator known as the Acid Jellying Separator (AJS) has been developed [42]. This is a highly filled polymer separator with fumed silica as the major filler component. Important properties of the AJS are given in Table 7.18 for a sample with a thickness of 1 mm... 

Acid Jellying Separators have been compared with AGM and gel in cells tested for EV duty [43]. Cells with a nominal capacity of 48 Ah (Cs/5 rate) were assembled with various separation systems, and pressure was applied to the cell walls. The cells were subjected to 25 cycles (C2/2 rate) followed by two capacity checks (C5/5 rate), by means of the following regime ... 

Lamephos . [GrQnau] Spray-dried emulsifier compd. bas on mono- and diglycerides esterified with citric acid and phosidiates on carrier improves fat and jelly separation in sausage and meat mfg. 

It is best obtained from the flesh of the fowl, which contains 0.82 per cent., or from beef-heart, which contains 0.14 per cent. It is soluble in boiling HjO and in alcohol, insoluble in ether crystallizes in brilliant, oblique, rhombic prisms neutral, tasteless, loses aq at lOO (313 P.) fuses and decomposes at higher temperatures. When long heated with HiO or treated with concentrated acids, it loses HaO, and is converted into ereatinin. Baryta water decomposes it into sarcosin and urea. It is not precipitated by silver nitrate, except when it is in excess and in presence of a small quantity of potassium hydroxid. The white precipitate so obtained is soluble in excess of potash, from which a jelly separates, which turns black, slowly at ordinary temperatures, rapidly at 100° (212 P.). A white precipitate, which turns... 

Silicic acid may be obtained in a state of purity from any siliceous sand by fusing it with three or four parts of carbonate of potash, dissolving the fused mass in water, adding hydrochloric acid, which separates the silica as a jelly, which is a hydrate of the acid, and evaporating the whole to dryness. Water removes from the dry mass all soluble chlorides, and leaves the silica, which, when dried, is a snow-white pow der, insoluble in water, and all acids except the hydrofluoric acid. It dissolves in caustic or even carbonated alkalies with the aid of heat. 

Turanose Phenylosazone. A mixture of 4 g. of turanose, 2 ec. of water, and 1 co. of phenylhydrazine was warmed on the steam-bath until solution was complete. To the cooled solution was added 3.5 cc. of phenylhydrazine and 4 cc. of glacial acetic acid, and the mixture returned to the steam-bath for one hour. At the expiration of this time, 40 cc. of warm 60% alcohol was added and, upon cooling, a rapid crystallization of the osazone occurred. The osazone was recovered by filtration and washed with absolute alcohol followed by ether to yield 4.2 g. (69%) of lemon-yellow needles. The osazone is soluble in hot water and separates on cooling as jelly-like particles, but water is not a satisfactory solvent for its purification. It was recrystallized from 15 parts of 95% alcohol with good recovery, as needles which melted with decomposition at 200-205° and rotated [ ]d +24.5° - +33.0° (24 hours, constant value c, 0.82) in a mixture of 4 parts of pyridine, by volume, and 6 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol. In methyl cellosolve (ethylene glycol monomethyl ether) solution it rotated C< 3d" + 44.3°— + 48.5° (24 hours, constant value c, 0.80). 

Degradation of pentapropionyl-D-glucononitrile. (Sodium methoxide.Y - Five grams of pentapropionyl-n-glucononitrile was dissolved in 7 ml. of chloroform cooled to —6° and then a cool solution of 0.84 g. of sodium in 10 ml. of methanol was added. A jelly-like mass was produced that was kept in the ice-salt bath for five minutes. Fourteen milliliters of water and 2.5 ml. of acetic acid were then added. The water phase was separated and evaporated in vacuo 20 ml. of ethanol was added and the solvent evaporated again the operation was repeated once more. The final residue was dissolved in 26 ml. of water, and to 13 ml. 1 g. of diphenylhydrazine was added the solution was then heated in a water bath. When crystals of n-arabinose diphenyl-hydrazone appeared, heating was stopped, and after four hours in the cold the crystals were collected yield 54% (calcd. as n-arabinose), m. p. 204-205°. 

Degradation of octaacetyllactobiononitrile. (Sodium ethoxide.y To 750 ml. of chloroform containing the impure octaacetyllactobiononitrile prepared from 200 g. of lactose, a solution of 15 g. of sodium in 750 ml. of methanol was added the solution was maintained at a low temperature and was shaken continuously. A jelly-like mass precipitated. When the precipitation was ended, 750 ml. of water and 50 ml. of acetic acid were added. The chloroform layer was separated and the water phase was evaporated in vacuo to a thick sirup. This was dissolved in 400 ml. of 96% ethanol, 65 g. of a,ai-benzylphenylhydrazine was added and the solution was heated in a water bath for thirty minutes. Assisted by seeding, crystallization of the hydrazone of the 3-( 9-D-galactopyranosyl)-D-arabinose was completed in five hours. The crystals were filtered and washed well with 80% ethanol yield 60-67 g., m. p. 223-225°. 

The addition of an acid to a sodium silicate solution causes a separation of silicic acid which appears as a jelly-like substance. Orthosilicic acid has the composition HtSiCh, metasilicic acid, H2Si03 the acid corresponding to the sodium salt of the above formula, H2Si409. Suspended in water these different silicic acids are more or less easily interchangeable one into another, but, if silicic acid is heated, it loses all its water and becomes the anhydride. The anhydride practically will not take on water again to form acids. 

It should be noted that in practical batteries such as coin cell (parallel plate configuration) or AA, C, and D (jelly-roll configuration), there is a stack pressure on the electrodes (the Li anodes are pressed by the separator), and the ratio between the solution volume and the electrode s area is usually much lower than in laboratory testing. Both factors may considerably increase the Li cycling efficiency obtained in practical cells, compared with values measured for the same electrolyte solutions in the Li half-cell testing described above. It has already been proven that stack pressure suppresses Li dendrite formation and thus improves the uniformity of Li deposition-dissolution processes [107], The low ratio between the solution volume and the electrode area in practical batteries decreases the detrimental effects of contaminants such as Lewis acids, water, etc., on Li passivation. 

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