Absorption surfactants, effect

P-glycoprotein and surfactants Effect on intestinal talinolol absorption. Clin Pharmacol Ther 77 24-32... 

Gibaldi, M., and S. Feldman. 1970. Mechanisms of surfactant effects on drug absorption. J Pharm Sci 59 579. 

Bogman K., Zysset Y., Degen L., Hopfgartner G., Gutmann H., Alsenz J., Drewe J. (2005) P-glycoprotein and surfactants effect on intestinal talinolol absorption. Clin Pharmacol Ther, 77(l) 24-32. 

Ashton, P. et al. Surfactant effects in percutaneous absorption. 2. Effects of protein and lipid structure of the stratum comeum. International Journal of Pharmaceutics S7( l-3) 265-269, 1992. 

Ashton P, Walters KA, Brain KR, Hadgraft J. Surfactant effects in percutaneous absorption. Part 1. Effects on the transdermal flux of methyl nicotinate. Int J Pharm 1992 87(10) 261—264. 

Bogman K, Zysset Y, Degen L, Hopfgartner G, Gutmann H, AlsenzJ, and Drewe J. P-glycoprotein and Surfactants Effects on Intestinal Talinolol Absorption. 

A systematic study in rats, in which the absorption-enhancing effects of a number of surfactants were compared, was reported by Hirai et al (1981a,b). The promoting effect of several nonionic surfactants was paralleled by their ability to lyse red blood cells and to release protein from the nasal mucosa of rats. Bile salts, however, were found to be less lytic and damaging to the rat nasal mucosa than nonionic ether-type surfactants. Generally, a positive correlation was observed between the damaging effect on the biomembrane and the absorption-promoting effect of the surfactants. 

There is no simple explanation of the absorption-promoting effect of the surfactant. Penetration of the surfactant into the liquid membrane seems to be... 

Some non-ionic surfactants have been found [58] to inhibit transmucosal absorption of water from the gut containing hypotonic solutions. As water flow affects drug movement, this is an additional factor, as yet not widely studied, which might have a bearing on the interpretation of surfactant effects on absorption. 

In the latter function, the reagent behaves as a surfactant and forms a cationic micelle at a concentration above the critical micelle concentration (1 x 10 4M for CTMB). The complexation reactions occurring on the surface of the micelles differ from those in simple aqueous solution and result in the formation of a complex of higher ligand to metal ratio than in the simple aqueous system this effect is usually accompanied by a substantial increase in molar absorptivity of the metal complex. 

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