A- perylene

Fig. 6. Classes of charge-generating dyes and pigments (a) perylenes, (b) thiapyrylium, (c) phthalocyanines, (d) squaiaines, and (e) a2o. R and Z are organic...

Alamiry MAH, Harriman A, Mallon LJ, Ulrich G, Ziessel R (2008) Energy- and charge-transfer processes in a perylene-BODIPY-pyridine tripartite array. Eur J Org Chem 16 2774-2782... 

Quite differently, Pleux et al. tested a series of three different organic dyads comprising a perylene monoimide (PMI) dye linked to a naphthalene diimide (NDI) or C60 for application in NiO-based DSSCs (Fig. 18.7) [117]. They corroborated a cascade electron flow from the valance band of NiO to PMI and, finally, to C60. Transient absorption measurements in the nanosecond time regime revealed that the presence of C60 extends the charge-separated state lifetime compared to just PMI. This fact enhanced the device efficiencies up to values of 0.04 and 0.06% when CoII/m and P/Ij electrolytes were utilized, respectively. More striking than the efficiencies is the remarkable incident photon-to-current efficiency spectrum, which features values of around 57% associated to photocurrent densities of 1.88 mA/cm2. 

Production of a two-layer film made out of copper phthalocyanine and a perylene tetracarboxylic derivative. A power conversion efficiency of about 1% has been achieved. 

Fig. 11 One-dimensional electron density projection along the c-axis for a perylene dye intercalated in an Mg/Al LDH and a structural model based on this data. Reprinted with permission from [150]. Copyright Wiley...

Some fimctionalized materials have also been prepared by coprecipitation at low supersaturation. A perylene chromophore, for example, has been intercalated into LDH in an attempt to prepare stabihzed pigments [40]. Catalyt-ically active species have also been introduced into the interlayers of LDHs by direct synthesis, e.g. the intercalation of (PWi204o) or (SiWi204o) gives catalysts or catalyst precursors containing interlayer polyoxometalate anions [41]. Vein et al. reported the synthesis of Zr-containing LDH-Hke... 

Since the photophoretic force depends on the electromagnetic absorption efficiency Q y , which is sensitive to wavelength, photophoretic force measurements can be used as a tool to study absorption spectroscopy. This was first recognized by Pope et al. (1979), who showed that the spectrum of the photophoretic force on a 10 foa diameter perylene crystallite agrees with the optical spectrum. This was accomplished by suspending a perylene particle in a Millikan chamber with electro-optic feedback control and measuring the photophoretic force as a function of the wavelength of the laser illumination. Improvements on the technique and additional data were obtained by Arnold and Amani (1980), and Arnold et al. (1980) provided further details of their photophoretic spectrometer. A photophoretic spectrum of a crystallite of cadmium sulfide reported by Arnold and Amani is presented in Fig. 11. 

Margineanu, A., Hotta, J., Auweraer, M. V. D., Ameloot, M., Stefan, A., Beijonne, D., Engleborghs, Y., et al. 2007. Visuahzation of membrane rafts using a perylene monoimide derivative and fluorescence hfetime imaging. Biophys. J. 93 2877-91. 

The elementary cell of the single crystals is monoclinic with 4 or 2 molecules per unit cell for a-perylene and chrysene or anthracene and phenanthrene respectively 70,71,72,73). Until now the sensitized hole generation has only been studied at the 001 plane of these crystals. The planar area of the organic molecules is turned away by a large angle from the 001 plane. The molecules in the crystal are facing the adsorbed dye molecule with their rims. Thus, no sandwich arrangement can be formed between the dye molecule and a crystal molecule at the ideal 001 surface of the crystal as shown later in Fig. 30. 

Going from a-perylene to phenanthrene the ionisation energy is increased by... 

A nanocrystalline Sn02 solar cell sensitized by a perylene derivative produced 0.9% efficiency under AM 1.5 (7 = 3.26 mA/cm2 and = 0.45 V) [132]. A nanocrystalline Ti02 solar cell (1 cm2) sensitized by eosin Y, oneof the... 

Energy transfer process in dendrimers containing a perylene-terrylene donor-acceptor system investigated by femtosecond multicolor transient absorption spectroscopy... 

We measured the time-resolved fluorescence from an organic microcrystal, perylene, by using the newly developed fluorescence microscope. Perylene has two types of crystal structure, a-and P- perylene. In a-pcrylene, four molecules exist in a unit cell, whereas two molecules in P-perylene. We chose one a-perylene crystal under the microscope by checking the fluorescence spectrum. At room temperature, a-perylene exhibits very broad fluorescence in the visible region with the intensity maximum around 600 nm. The fluorescence located at 480 nm has been assigned to the emission of the free exciton. The free exciton is relaxed to... 

Fig. 1. The CCD camera image of the a-perylene microcrystal used for the femtosecond fluorescence up-conversion microscopy...

Dyes can also be incorporated into hydrogen-bonded superstructures using the complementarity of the hydrogen bond donors and acceptors. The addition of a perylene bisimide dye to chiral dialkyl melamine derivatives leads to aggregates (Fig. 26) which show induced circular dichroism in the dye part of the assembly in methylcyclohexane as well as the formation of mesoscopic fibres when the solvent is evaporated [227]. The melamine compounds... 

Fig. 26 The assembly of a perylene imide dye with a chiral melamine derivative to give chiral supramolecular chains...

Precursor family 27 with a perylene sub-unit were prepared due to their fluorescent properties and their photostability. Grafting of the perylene unit with —(CH2)3Si(OR)3 arms (Section m.B) allows their solubility to be increased and thus to prepare materials... 

An extreme case in the difference between PL and EL spectra is presented in Fig. 116. A perylene bisimide pigment (PBP)-doped TPD layer reveals the PL spectrum belonging totally to the violet emission of TPD molecules, and EL spectrum originating from radiative transitions of the doped... 

Fig. 43 a Perylene/fullerene aggregates, b Steric 3D-representation of the assembly, c TEM micrograph of the formed aggregate, d Photocurrent generation upon irradiation. Reprinted with permission from [154]... 

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