A2C-Adrenergic receptors

Fig. 4. Inhibition of noradrenaline release by and a2c-receptors. In atria from wild-type mice, exogenous noradrenaline completely inhibited release of H-noradrenaline from sympathetic nerves. After deletion of the a2A-receptor gene, the maximal inhibitory effect of noradrenaline was decreased, and knockout of the tt2c-receptor gene led to a rightward shift of the noradrenaline concentration response curve. Only in atria from mice lacking Uja- and a2c-receptors (a2Ac-KO) was the inhibitory effect of noradrenaline completely abolished, indicating that tt2A- and a2c-adrenergic receptors are both required for presynaptic feedback inhibition of transmitter release (adapted from Hein et al. 1999)...

Sallinen J, Haapalinna A, Viitamaa T, Kobilka BK, Scheinin M (1998) Adrenergic Ojc-receptors modulate the acoustic startle reflex, prepulse inhibition, and aggression in mice. J. Neuroscience 18 3035-3042 Sallinen J, Haapalinna A, Viitamaa T, Kobilka BK, Scheinin M (1998) D-amphetamine and L-5-hydroxytryptophan-induced behaviours in mice with genetically-altered expression of the a2c-adrenergic receptor subtype. Neuroscience 86 959-965... 

Small KM, Wagoner LE, Levin AM, Kardia SL, Liggett SB (2002) Synergistic polymorphisms of pi and a2c adrenergic receptors the risk of congestive heart faUiu e. N Engl J Med 347 1135-1142... 

Biinemann, M., Biicheler, M. M., Philipp, M., Lohse, M. J., and Hein, L. (2001). Activation and deactivadon kinedcs of a2A- and a2C-adrenergic receptor-acdvated GIRK currents./. Biol. Chem. 276, 47512-47517. 

Rosin DL, Talley EM, Lee A, Stornetta RL, Gaylinn BD, Guyenet PG, Lynch KR (1996) Distribution of a2c-adrenergic receptor-like immunoreactivity in the rat central nervous system. J Comp Neurol 372 135-65... 

Deupree JD, Borgeson CD, Bylund DB. Down-regulation of the a2C adrenergic receptor involvement of a serine/threonine motif in the third cytoplasmic loop. BMC Pharmacol 2002 2 9. 

Stone LS, Broberger C, Vulchanova L, et al. Differential distribution of a2A and a2C adrenergic receptor immunoreactivity in the rat spinal cord. J Neurosci 1998 18 5928-5937. 

B. Effects of Altered a2C-Adrenergic Receptor Subtype Gene Expression on Behavior ... 

Sallinen J, Haapalinna A, Viitamaa T, Kobilka BK, Scheinin M. d-Amphetamine and L-5-hydroxytryptophan-induced behaviours in mice with genetically-altered expression of the a2C-adrenergic receptor subtype. Neuroscience 1998 86 959-965. 

Small KM, Forbes SL, Rahman FF, Bridges KM, Liggett SB. A four amino acid deletion polymorphism in the third intracellular loop of the human a2C-adrenergic receptor confers impaired coupling to multiple effectors. J Biol Chem 2000 275 23,059-23,064. 

Three genes encoding for a2-adrenergic receptor subtypes have been identified from several species, termed a2A. and a2c, respectively (Fig. 1, 2). 

Nebigil C, Malik KU. Prostaglandin synthesis elicited by adrenergic stimuli is mediated via a2c and a1A adrenergic-receptors in cultured smooth-muscle cells of rabbit aorta. J Pharmacol Exp Therl992 260 849-858. 

Bucheler MM, Hadamek K, Hein L. Two a2-adrenergic receptor subtypes, a2A and a2C, inhibit transmitter release in the brain of gene-targeted mice. Neuroscience 2002 109 819-826. 

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