Y-Hexachloro-cyclohexane

Recently Boucard and Deffet [67] examined the action of organic compounds containing halogens, such as carbon tetrachloride, hexachloroethane, y-hexachloro-cyclohexane, chlordane (C10H6C18), iodoform and also iodine. 

Y-HEXACHLOROBENZENE i-o,2-a,3-p,4-a,5-a,6-P-HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE Y-HEXACHLORO-CYCLOHEXANE (MAK) 1,2,3,4,5,6-HEXACHLORO-CYCLOHEXANE, Y-ISOMER HEXATOX HEXICIDE... 

The most important product from a commercial as well as a envirotoxicological point of view has been l,l,l-trichloro-2,2 -bis(4-chlorophenyl) ethane or dichlor-odiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), but also aldrin, dieldrin, lindane (y-hexachloro-cyclohexane, y-HCH), chlordane and toxaphene are of environmental concern (Figure 3.8). 

The insecticide Lindan (y-hexachloro cyclohexane) is not adsorbed by TMA montmorillonite. However, illites modified with TMA ions adsorb certain amounts of Lindan [98]. The saturated hydrocarbon overloaded with... 

The cyanobacteria Anflfcflenfl sp. strain PCC 7120 andNostoc ellipsosporum dechlorinated y-hexachloro[flflfleee]cyclohexane in the light in presence of nitrate to y-pentachlorocyclo-hexene (Figure 2.5), and to a mixture of chlorobenzenes (Kuritz and Wolk 1995). The reaction is dependent on the functioning of the nir operon involved in nitrite reduction (Kuritz et al. 1997). 

The biotransformation of y-hexachloro[flflaeee]cyclohexane to tetrachlorocyclohexene by Citrobacter freundii (Fignre 2.7b) (Jagnow et al. 1977). 

Middeldorp PJM, M Jaspers, AJB Zehnder, G Schraa (1996) Biotransformation of a,[5,y, and 5-hexachloro-cyclohexane under methanogenic conditions. Environ Sci Technol 30 2345-2349. 

Cyclohexane, hexachloro-(HCH, BHC, mixed isomers) Cyclohexane, a-Hexachloro-Cyclohexane, /3-Hexachloro-Cyclohexane, y-Hexachloro-(lindane)... 

The bioaccumulation of 14C-y-hexachloro[flflfleee] cyclohexane and 14C-hexachlorobenzene in the tubificid oligochaetes Tubifex tubifex... 

It has been consistently observed that a wide range of agrochemicals applied successively to the same plots are increasingly readily degraded presumably due to enrichment of the appropriate deg-radative microorganisms (Racke and Coats 1990) examples include compounds as diverse as naphthalene (Gray and Thornton 1928), y-hexachloro[flflaeee]cyclohexane (Wada et al. 1989), and triazines (Cook and Hutter 1981). 

An elimination reaction is apparently one of the steps in the degradation of y-hexachloro[fleece] cyclohexane from which pentachlorobenzene (Tu 1976) or y-2,3,4,6-tetrachlorocyclohex-l-ene may be formed (Jagnow et al. 1977) (Figure 6.64). The formation of both 2,5-dichlorophenol and 2,4,5-trichlo-rophenol during the aerobic degradation of y- exa.ch om[aaaeee]cyclohexane by Pseudomonas paucimobilis presumably occurs by comparable elimination reactions (Senoo and Wada 1989) and further details of the transformation that produces also 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene have been provided (Nagasawa et... 

The aerobic degradation of y-hexachloro[flflaeee] cyclohexane (HCH) has been accomplished with a strain of Pseudomonas paucimobilis strain UT26 (Nagasawa et al. 1993), and involves a complex chain of elimination, hydrolytic displacement of chlorine, and ring fission reactions (Chapter 6, Sections... 

Addition of 3 moles of chlorine to benzene leads to 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachloro-cyclohexanes. If the cyclohexane ring is in its more stable chair conformation eight isomers are possible, of which five have so far been isolated.120,121 One of these, y-hexachlorocyclohexane, has become a large-scale commercial insecticide.122... 

Synonyms Benzene hexachloride y-Benzene hexachloride Benzene hexachloride, all isomers BHC BHC (a-,p-,y-) y-BHC Cyclohexane, 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachloro-, y-isomer y-HCH y-Hexachlor Hexachlorane y-Hexachlorobenzene 1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexachlorocyclohexane 1a,2a,3p,4a,5a,6p-Hexachlorocyclohexane y-Hexachlorocyclohexane y-1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexachlorocyclohexane y-Lindane Lindane (benzene hexachloride-y isomer) Lindane, all isomers... 

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