Y-Glutamyltransferase

Taracha E, Habrat BS, Wozniak P, Walkowiak J and Szukalski B (2001). The activity of (3-hexosaminidase (uHex) and y-glutamyltransferase (uGGT) in urine as non invasive markers of alcohol abuse I. Alcohol-dependent subjects. World Journal of Biological Psychiatry, 2, 184-189. 

Hatzinger, P.B. and Stevens, J.L. (1989). Rat kidney proximal tubule cells in defined medium the roles of cholera toxin, extracellular calcium and serum in cell growth and expression of y-glutamyltransferase. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. 25(2) 205-212. 

Protein-glutamine y-glutamyltransferase [Caj— fibrin-stabilizing factor ... 

This enzyme [EC 2.3.2.13], also known as protein glutamine y-glutamyltransferase, catalyzes the calcium ion-dependent reaction of the side chain of a glutamyl residue in a protein with an alkylamine to generate an A -alkylglutaminyl residue in the protein and ammonia. 

AFFINITY LABELING AGARITINE y-GLUTAMYLTRANSFERASE y-GLUTAMYLTRANSPEPTIDASE Aggregation,... 

Serum ALP and total bilirubin (unconjugated and conjugated fractions) are traditionally used to monitor cholestatic injury. The ALP families of enzymes are zinc metalloproteases that are present in nearly all tissues. In the liver, ALP is immu-nolocalized to the microvili of the bile canaliculus [124]. Increased synthesis of ALP and its release into the circulation occurs within hours of cholestatic injury [129]. Serum assays of 5 -nucleotidase (5 -NT) or y-glutamyltransferase activity (GGT) are used to confirm the liver as the specific origin for the elevation of ALP. Increases in serum bilirubin or bile acids are usually the result of bile retention subsequent to impaired bile flow, increased production associated with accelerated erythrocyte destruction, or altered bilirubin metabolism [129]. 

Transient, mild increases in liver enzyme levels, up to three times the upper limit of normal, do not necessitate discontinuation of valproate. Although y-glutamyltransferase levels are often checked by clinicians, these levels are often increased, without clinical significance, in patients receiving valproate and carbamazepine (Dean and Penry 1992). Likewise, plasma ammonia levels are often increased transiently during valproate treatment, but this finding does not necessitate interruption of treatment (Jaeken et al. 1980). Increases in transaminase levels are often dose dependent. If no... 

Figure 7.29 The metabolic activation of hexachlorobutadiene. The glutathione conjugate is degraded to a cysteine conjugate in two stages involving the action of (1) y-glutamyltransferase and (2) cysteinyl glycinase.

If the (3-lyase enzyme, or the renal basolateral membrane transport system, or y-glutamyltransferase, or cysteinylglycinase is inhibited, the nephrotoxicity of DCVC can be reduced, indicating that each of these processes is involved. 

The uptake of mercury in the proximal tubule can occur by two mechanisms, with one being from the luminal membrane and another from the basolateral membrane. Luminal uptake involves the activity of y-glutamyltransferase and cysteinylglycinase... 

Enzymes and proteins Alanine aminotranferase Albumin Alkaline phosphotase Amylase Aspartate iuninotransferase Creatine kinase y-Glutamyltransferase Hemaglobin Lactate dehydrogenase... 

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