Y-doping

A careful investigation of this feature suggests that it is attributable to N02 associated with both Bronsted acid and M+ cations [29]. The doublet at 1400 cm is identical in position and appearance to that observed in a sample of Na-Y doped with NaNOs [30]. We therefore assign this peak to a NO3- species affiliated with the residual sodium in the catalyst. The position of the band at 1528 cm- is very similar to that for nitrito species in Co-A and Co-Y [22, 23] and is, therefore, assigned to Co-ONO. The features at 1599, and 1574 cm- are best assigned to C0-O2NO [30]. The band at 1633 cm- is similar to that observed on H-, Na-, and Cu-ZSM-5. We believe that this feature is best assigned to nitrito (NO2) or nitrate (NO3-) species. 

CATALYST PREPARATION AND TESTING. The Y-containing catalysts examined in this study were prepared either by 1) a microunit accelerated metals laydown technique or 2) by a simulated deactivation procedure involving hydrothermal treatment of Y-doped catalysts. 

Ishihara, T., Matsuda, H. and Takita, Y., Doped LaGaC>3 Perovskite type oxide as a new oxide ionic conductor, Journal of the American Chemical Society 116, 1994, 3801. 

Figure 23. Proton conductivities of Y-doped BaZrtV65 and BaCeCV66 in comparison with the ion conductivity of the relevant solid oxygen ion electrolytes. Reprinted from K.D. Kreuer, St. Adams, W. Munch, A. Fuchs, U. Klock, and J. Maier, Solid State Ionics, 155 (2001) 295-306. Copyright 2001 with permission from Elsevier.

Figure 42. Steady-state results of a Wagner-Hebb polarization of Y-doped Z1O2 or TI1O2 with the aid of the cell 0N2, Pt YSZ or YST air, Pt (left, current-voltage curve for Tho.9Yo.1Ch 95 (YST), right partial conductivities for Zro.9Yo.1O1.95 (YSZ)).232 Reprinted from L.D. Burke, H. Rickert, and R. Steiner, Z Phys. Chem. N.F., 74 (1971) 146-167. Copyright 1971 with permission from Oldenbourg Verlagsgruppe.

Tokiy N., Konstantinova T., Savina D., Tokiy V. (2003) Computational modeling of electron properties of 26 d-elements in nanolayer Y-doped tetragonal zirconia. Computational Modeling and Simulation of Materials II, Advances in Science and Technology, 36, P.Vincenzini,A.Lami(Eds),Techna Sri, p. 121-128. 

For y=0.005, a=8.24lA y=0.01, a=8.233A y=0.015, a=8.227A. The lattice parameters show a decrease with Co and Y doping. This is perhaps due to the effects of the Co-0 bond and Y-0 bond in the octahedron when the cations are incorporated into the spinel structure. 

Ceria affords a number of important applications, such as catalysts in redox reactions (Kaspar et al., 1999, 2000 Trovarelli, 2002), electrode and electrolyte materials in fuel cells, optical films, polishing materials, and gas sensors. In order to improve the performance and/or stability of ceria materials, the doped materials, solid solutions and composites based on ceria are fabricated. For example, the ceria-zirconia solid solution is used in the three way catalyst, rare earth (such as Sm, Gd, or Y) doped ceria is used in solid state fuel cells, and ceria-noble metal or ceria-metal oxide composite catalysts are used for water-gas-shift (WGS) reaction and selective CO oxidation. 

Zhou, X.D., Scarfino, B., and Anderson, H.U., Electrical conductivity and stability of Gd-doped ceria/Y-doped zirconia ceramics and thin films. Solid State Ionics, 2004, 175 19-22. 

This paper contains also compilation of lEP of ZrO and Y-doped ZrOi with 6 references. 

Fig. 19. Emission spectra of CaMoO4 at 77K. (7) undoped, Na- and Y-doped, excitation into optical band gap (2) Y-doped, excitation just below optical band gap. (5) undoped and Na-doped, excitation as (2). After Ref. 74...

Zhang, T.S. et al.. Effects of dopant concentration and aging on the electrical properties of Y-doped ceria electrolytes. Solid State Science 5 (2003) 1505-1511. 

A. Eichler, Tetragonal Y-doped zirconia structure and ion conductivity, Phys. Rev. B, 64, 174103... 

Figure 23.10 Proton conductivity of a few prototypical proton conducting separator materials Nafion as a representative of hydrated acid ionomers (see also Fig. 23.2(a) [43, 78], a complex of PBI (polybenzimidazole) and phosphoric acid as a representative of adducts of basic polymers and oxo-acids (see also Fig. 23.2(b)) [16], phosphonic acid covalently immobilized via an alkane spacer at a siloxane backbone (see also Fig. 23.2(c)) [127], the acid salt CsHSO, [125] and an Y-doped BaZrOj [126].

The polycrystalline NiAl samples contained 0.1 wt% Y or 0.2 wt% Zr.The S level in the alloy was 10 ppm. These two samples were oxidized at 1200 °C, first in 1602 and then in l802. The Zr-doped alloy was oxidized for 100 h in lh02 followed by 100 h in lsO,. The Y-doped alloy was oxidized for 12 h in 1602 and then 12 h in ls02. SIMS investigation were performed in a Perkin-Elmer, Physical Electronics Industries Model 5500 system (see [7] for details). 

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