Xenon nuclear properties

The stability of the electronic configuration is indicated by the fact that each element has the highest ionization energy in its period, though the value decreases down the group as a result of increasing size of the atoms. For the heavier elements is it actually smaller than for first-row elements such as O and F with consequences for the chemical reactivities of the noble gases which will be considered in the next section. Nuclear properties, particularly for xenon, have been exploited for nmr spectroscopy and Mdssbauer... 

Xenon is used in the nuclear energy area in bubble chambers, probes, and other applications where a high atomic mass is desirable. Currently, the anesthetic properties of xenon are being explored. Xenon is found in the atmosphere with a concentration of about 0.087 ppm. 

Figure 19.2 shows the noble gases superimposed on the network of interconnected ideas. Table 19.1 is a slightly amended version of the usual table of periodic properties. Note that these properties are exactly as expected on the basis of effective nuclear charge and the distance of the valence electrons from that charge. Consistent with the noble nature of these elements, the usual entries for atomic and ionic radii have been replaced by van der Waals radii. Only two entries, for xenon and krypton, have been made in the table under covalent radii. (Several radon compounds are known, but the covalent radius has not been well-established.) As expected, these radii increase regularly down the group. 

Characterizing porous media with NMR methods / NMR studies on interfacial phenomena , NMR at single crystal surfaces , Nuclear magnetic resonance and surface phenomena , NMR spectroscopy of self-assembled monolayers , Hybrid mesoporous materials with functionalized monolayers , Nuclear magnetic resonance logging - new effective method for evaluation of reservoir rock properties , Xe NMR of physisorbed xenon. Principles , and Xe NMR of physisorbed xenon. Applications . ... 

The physical and mechanical properties of polymeric systems are connected with their solid state morphology. NMR spectroscopy of the nuclear spins attached to a polymeric system is a very applicable means to gain insight into the microstructure as well as into the dynamics of the system. An alternative way is to make use of a probe, such as a xenon atom, which diffuses over the environment and gives information on the microscopic heterogeneity. 

HeXe was the assumed coolant and working fluid for initial engineering work on the Project Prometheus Space Nuclear Power Plant (SNPP). The recommended method to calculate the viscosity and thermal conductivity of pure hehum and pure xenon is to use equations provided by the Design Institute for Physical Property Data (DIPPR) (Daubert et al., 1992). These equations are produced from curve fits of empirical data. The recommended method to calculate the viscosity and thermal conductivity of HeXe mixtures is the theoretical approach described by Hirschfelder (Hirschfelder, Curtiss, and Bird, 1954) with the addition of two higher order thermal conductivity correction factors described by Kestin (Kestin et al., 1984) and Singh (Singh, Dham, and Gupta, 1992). 

Helium and xenon pure component and mixture viscosity and thermal conductivity were required for Project Prometheus calculations of a direct cycle Brayton nuclear power plant concept. The purpose of tWs evaluation was to recommend the best methods to calculate the transport properties with the current available information. 

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