X-ray induced Auger lines

The assignment of the peaks, which, as described above, may be XPS transitions or their associated Auger peaks, is accomplished with the aid of a handbook or computer database of peak positions. All elements of the periodic table, with the exception of hydrogen, can be detected and XPS is able to analyze light elements with ease, a feature that makes it particularly attractive for the analysis of organic polymers. Minor X-ray satellites will be present if an achromatic X-ray source has been employed and arise from photoelectron transitions excited by the minor components (Kc(3,4 and K ) of such X-radiation. In Figure 2, the major photoelectron peaks (fluorine 1 s and carbon 1 s) are a result of A1 Kcd 2 induced photoemission. Features labeled Ka3 4 and arise from fluorine 1 s electrons ejected by the A1 Ka3,4 and A1 components of the radiation, respectively. Instruments are often equipped with a monochromator that remove the Kc(3 4 and satellite lines from the beam of X-rays. 

Figure 1.10 shows the photon-induced K X-ray spectrum of Zn recorded with a crystal spectrometer, which clearly shows the satellite, hypersatellite, and the RAE (Radiative Auger Effect A broad weak X-ray emission structure with several maxima on the low-energy side of the characteristic X-ray lines which has been interpreted as a radiative K —> transition resulting... 

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