X-Ray and Diffraction on Crystals

2 X-RAY DIFFRACTION APPLIED TO CRYSTALLINE SYSTEMS 5.2.1 X-RAY AND DIFFRACTION ON CRYSTALS 

Quantum Nanochemistry—Volume IV Quantum Solids and Orderability 

FIGURE 5.2 Left deceleration and emission of X-radiation by electrons scattering middle the spectrum of continuous X-radiation of a tungsten target (according to the information of Ulrey, 1918) right spectrum of characteristic X-radiation, on continuous background after HyperPhysics (2010). 

Thus the quasi-monochromatic X-radiation can be obtained at the edge of absorption immediately before and after the Ka line of characteristic spectrum. The X monochromatic radiation may be further directed (collimated) by successive apertures of a strong absorbent material (commonly Pb-lead, from safety reasons) and finally projected into the analyzed sample (crystal), while the reflected (diffracted) sample radiation will be recorded by a detector, found at the double of the X-ray incidence angle on the crystal. Both the crystal and the detector can be involved in reciprocal rotations, keeping the condition of the double of incidence angle. 

FIGURE 5.3 The X-ray tube (left-up), X-ray spectrometer (left-bottom) used for the Compton experiment (right) after HyperPhysics (2010). 

---