With silane coupling agents

Although the most popular of the processes described above (PAA and CAA) perform very well, there is a continuing need to develop processes that are less hazardous (no chromates, no strong acids or bases) or that are suitable for treatment of repair areas in the field. Two of these treatments are grit blasting coupled with silane coupling agents and sol-gel. 

Oyane, A., Kawashita, M., Nakanishi, K, Kokubo,T., Minoda, M., Miyamoto, T. and Nakamura, T. (2003) Bonelike apatite formation on ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer modified with silane coupling agent and calcium silicate solutions. Biomaterials, 24, 1729-1735. 

Figure 14.25 The preparation of highly controlled fluorescent silica nanoparticles can be done by first polymerizing APTS that has been covalently modified with an amine-reactive dye to form fluorescent core particles. The core then is capped by a shell of silica by polymerization of TEOS. The shell layer can be further derivatized with silane coupling agents to provide functional groups for conjugation.

The reaction between MAH, PE, clay and the catalyst must take place essentially simultaneously. If the clay is first reacted with MAH at elevated temperatures, analogous to the treatment of clay with silane coupling agents, a clay maleate half ester or diester is probably formed. The latter does not readily react with PE even in the presence of a free radical catalyst. 

One conventional procedure for organic modification of inorganic particles is to utilize the reaction of the hydroxyl group with silane coupling agents. Many kinds... 

Scheme 12.1.1 Surface modification with silane coupling agent.

Even the traditional methods discussed in this chapter can be used for concentrated dispersions through contrast matching. For example, silica particles coated with silane coupling agents in a refractive index-matched mixture of ethanol and toluene can be used in combination with visible probe particles to study the dynamics of particles in dense systems. In the case of microemulsions (Chapter 8), selective deuteration of a component (oil, water, or surfactant) can be used in neutron scattering experiments even to measure the curvature of the oil-water interface. 

Figure 6. TGA curves of typical polymers compared with silane coupling agents.

TABLE 7.4 Physicochemical properties of unmodified magnesium silicate and magnesium silicate modified with silane coupling agents... 

We have shown that chemical modification of metal oxide supports, such as silica (SiOz) and TiOz, with silane-coupling agents (organosilanes) having amino groups was effective for dispersion of a catalytic material such as phosphododecatungstate and... 

Fast drying hybrid urushi was developed [97]. Kurome urushi was reacted with silane-coupling agents possessing an amino, epoxy or isocyanate group, resulting... 

Modification of the surfaces of coUoidal silica spheres with silane coupling agents enables transfer of the particles to nonpolar solvents. With 3-methacryloxypropyltri-methoxysilane bonded to the surface, the particles have been transferred from water to the polymerizable monomer, methyl acrylate. Electrostatic repulsion due to a low level of residual charge on the particle surfaces cause the dilute dispersions of particles to form a non-close packed colloidal crystalline array (CCA). Polymerization of the methyl acrylate with 200 nm diameter silica spheres in a CC fixes the positions of the spheres in a plastic film by the reactions shown in Figure 11.14. The difriaction... 

Craig B.D. 1997. Interpenetrating Phase Ceramic/Polymer Composite Coatings. [LFF] Daniels M. 1999. Colloidal Ceramic Coatings with Silane Coupling Agents. [LFF]... 

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