Wired Communications Systems

Although they are often diagrammed as straight lines or wires, communications systems are much more complex, and often display characteristics of a transmission line (Figure 4.4.2). Transmission lines have resistance, capacity, and inertia elements that slow and degrade a signal. This is true for both neural and humoral signals. 

Semiconductor lasers have a tremendous potential for use in optical communication systems due to their high efficiency, small size, and direct modulation capability. Because of their small size, they become the ideal source for optical radiation to be utilized in an optical fiber transmission system. The reason for developing an optical communications system is that these systems can take advantage of the large bandwidth that optics has to offer. For example, in a conventional copper wire communication system, the bandwidth of the transmission channel, i.e., the coaxial cable, is limited to approximately 300 MHz. In a normal telephone conversation, fi equency components up to 3 kHz are required for the listener to understand the conversation. By multiplexing many telephone conversations on different carrier fi equencies, approximately 100,000 conversations can be sent through a single... 

Once a sensor in an alarm system detects an event, it must communicate an alarm signal. The two basic types of alarm communication systems are hardwired and wireless. Hardwired systems rely on wire that is run from the control panel to each of the detection devices and annunciators. Wireless systems transmit signals from a transmitter to a receiver through the air—primarily using radio or other waves. Hardwired... 

Swa 05] Swaminathan, Vishnu, Yi Zou, and Krishnendu Chakrabarty, Techniques to reduce communication and computation energy in wireless sensor networks, in Handbook of Sensor Networks Compact Wireless and Wired Sensing Systems, edited by Mohammad Ilyas and Imad Mahgoub, CRC Press LLC, 2005. 

It is also possible to have communication between external systems and the BMS. As an example, it is possible to transmit data from a vehicle to a central database. Such a feature is interesting for fleet operators in order to optimize the range or operation time of the vehicles. Data transmission can be carried out during charging at a charge station (wired communication) or with a wireless communication line while the vehicle is in use. 

TDD—The term TDD means a Telecommunications Device for the Deaf, which is a machine that employs graphic communication in the transmission of coded signals through a wire or radio communication system. 

J. R. Leam and M. P. Seeger, Teflon-Pyre-M.L. Wire Insulation System, 13th Symposium of Technical Progress in Communications Wire and Cable, Atlantic City, NJ, Dec. 2—4, 1964. 

Synergistic advances in all areas of technology from sophisticated signal-processing systems and low-power sensor technologies to the development of broadband wired and wireless communication systems, the existence of increasing end user-friendly appliances and the... 

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