Williams studies

The Williams approach to bicyclo[5.4.0]undecane containing molecules such as the cyathins, striatins, dolastanes, clavularanes, grayanotoxins, tiglianes, and daphnanes also utilizes an oxidopyrylium cycloaddition to generate the ether constrained bicyclic (Scheme 4.81) (164). The object of the Williams study was to prepare the bicyclo[5.4.0]undecanes and investigate the regio- and stereocon-trolled oxidation of the substrate. 

Williams studied qualitatively the charge distribution in AT (61JCS3046) and found that the exocyclic nitrogen atom under acidic conditions and a ring nitrogen atom under basic conditions is the more nucleophilic site. The condensation of 1-ethoxyethylidene malonate (8) and AT indeed in acidic and basic media exclusively leads to products 9 and 10, respectively (Scheme 4). 

BILLY M. WILLIAMS, Study Director HARRISON T. PANNELLA, Senior Program Officer MARGARET N. NOVACK, Senior Program Officer JAMES C. MYSKA, Senior Research Associate SARAH PELLEGRIN, Senior Program Assistant... 

NRC participants Peter Lederman, Richard Ayen, and Rebecca Haffenden, committee members Billy Williams, study director. 

Tipper and Williams studied the reaction over the temperature range 20-570 °C in the presence of nitrogen and sulphur dioxide, they reported an inert gas effect on the rate. Both the non-integral orders found by Treacy and Daniels, and the inert gas effect found by Tipper and Williams are in disagreement with the findings of Johnston and Slentz , Ashmore et and Thomas and... 

Musick et al. and Musick and Williams studied the catalytic decomposition of 19 halogenated hydrocarbons in air, usually at 50 to 150 ppm, over a hopcalite (coprecipitated Mn02... 

More recently, Pilgram and Williams studied a slightly different case — competition between chemotactic Proteus mirabilis and a nonchemotactic but randomly motile mutant of the species ( 0) (see Figures 3 and 4 ). In both pure and mixed cultures of periodically agitated amino acid broth, the two strains grew to a 1 1 ratio after 14 hours. On the other hand, in both pure and mixed cultures of semisolid agar the ratio of chemotactic to randomly motile strains was greater than 5 1 after 14 hours. 

D.R.P. Williams. Study of the Warranty Cost Model for Software Reliability with an Imperfect Debugging Phenomenon . Turk J Elec Engin, Vol. 15, No.3 2007, TUBI-TAK... 

S.A. Assaf, G.O. Phillips, and P.A. Williams, Studies on acacia exudate gums. Part I The molecular weight of Acacia Senegal gum exudate. Food Hydrocoll, 19 (4), 647-660, 2005. 

Lerrigo and Williams studied the reactions of saccharin for the determination of small amounts. They recommended the method of conversion into ammonia by acid hydrolysis. The following was the procedure finally adopted ... 

W.-M. Dai, K.K.Y. Yeung, C.W. Chow, I.D. Williams, Study on enantiomerically pure 2-substituted N,N-dialkyl-l-naphthamides resolution, absolute stereochemistry, and application to desymmetrization of cyclic meso anhydrides. Tetrahedron Asymmetry 12 (11) (2001) 1603-1613. 

---