What Are Enzymes

What are enzymes One can only give a general answer because the structures are too complex to write down here. Enzymes are proteins, but of a type called globular because the polypeptide chain that is a part of all proteins is folded around on itself. Most enzymes need a partner (or coenzyme) to become active. The partner may be as simple as Mg2+ but as complex as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). 

Perutz, M F. (1992) What are enzyme structure telling us Faraday Discuss. 93, 1-11. 

What are enzymes, and what common features do they all share ... 

What are enzymes Provide some examples of how your body uses enzymes, and list two common products that contain enzymes. 

What are enzymes in micelles good for From the previous pages, it is apparent that these systems may elicit curiosity in the chemist. Changes in conformation and activity of enzymes with respect to aqueous solution, the anomalous structure of water in the water pool and its relation to enzyme activity, the conceptual problems of the local pH and the local concentration, and, generally speaking, the picture of the reverse micelle as a peculiar microreactor where enzymatic and nucleic add reactions can take place in novel ways - all of this presents a fascinating research enterprise. 

What are enzymes What is the active site of an enzyme What is a substrate ... 

The enzyme acomtase catalyzes the hydration of aconitic acid to two products citric acid and isocitnc acid Isocitnc acid is optically active citric acid is not What are the respective con stitutions of citric acid and isocitnc acid" ... 

Knowles, J.R. Tinkering with enzymes what are we learning Science 236 1252-1258, 1987. 

In what follows, enzyme reactions are treated as if they had only a single substrate and a single product. While most enzymes have more than one substrate, the principles discussed below apply with equal vaUdity to enzymes with multiple substrates. 

Of the 517 protein kinases in the human kinome [116], structures are publicly available for < 10% of the different enzymes. In the absence of experimental data, construction of homology models based on known structures has proven a reliable method for generating 3D information. How, then, are the models built and what are the limitations of the models especially as applied to the family of protein kinases ... 

The mechanism of solid catalysis involves processes of diffusion, formation of loose combinations with the solid and reactions of those combinations. Reactions with enzymes also involve intermediate, temporary combinations with the enzymes. The rate equations that may proposed in particular cases depends on what are believed to be controlling mechanisms. Many such eqautions are considered in Chapter 6. Here only one of the simpler forms will be examined for evaluation of the parameters, namely,... 

This is an example of acid catalysis and the effect is to pull electrons away from the leaving group. Often both acid catalysis and nucleophilic attack are involved in enzyme-catalysed reactions in what are known as push-pull mechanisms. 

What are the enzymes associated with sub-cellular organelles known as ... 

What are some key differences between inorganic catalysts and enzymes ... 

The phenomenon of enzyme catalysis in living organisms was known a long time before anyone really knew what an enzyme was in chemical terms. Enzymes are exceptionally efficient catalysts. So efficient in fact that chemists working in the early twentieth century could observe the phenomenon of catalysis under conditions in which the analytical techniques available at the time could not detect any protein. Proteins were there but just not detectable. Many chemists of that era considered enzymes to be carbohydrate in nature. 

Now we come to the question what is the basis of the antibacterial action of the sulfa drugs Many useful drugs in human medicine are enzyme inhibitors, small molecules that frequently bear a structural resemblance to the substrates or products of enzyme-catalyzed reactions. So it is with the sulfonamides. 

---