Wettability achieving good

Proper wettability of the formulation is crucial if one is to achieve good agglomeration and subsequent performance under field conditions. The type and level of wetting agent used in... 

Gel batteries require an additional separator to fix the plate distance and to prevent electronic shorts. The most effective protection against shorts is achieved by means of separators with low pore size ideally, microporous materials should be used (pore size less than 1 pm). Additionally, the separator should have a low acid-displacement since the fumed silica and the cracks in the gel already reduce the volume available for electrolyte. To minimize the internal resistance of the battery, the electrical resistance of the separator should be as low as possible. These two requirements, viz., low acid-displacement and low electrical resistance, translate into a need for separators with good wettability, high porosity, and low geometrical volume, i.e., rib configuration and backweb thickness should both be optimized. 

Examples of properties tuned significantly via primarily surface chemistry manipulation include physiochemical ones like zeta potential and isoelectric point. Surface wettability is a good example where both structural and surface chemical parameters have been optimized in order to achieve superhydrophobicity with mesoporous and macroporous silicon (Cao et al. 2006 Ressine et al. 2008). 

Bonded seals can be rigid or compliant. A hermetic seal is achieved through adhesive forces between the seal material and both surfaces against which the seal is to work. Naturally, the seal material must have good adhesive properties (good wettability of the material to be sealed). 

As stated in the Introduction, physical adsorption is common to all three types of adhesion systems. For good adsorption, wetting is necessary and essential. Wetting and wettability of polymers have been reviewed by Zisman, " ) Mittal,etc. In the past, efforts have been focused on the thermodynamic aspects of wetting because wetting is the only way to achieve maximum thermodynamic (Lifshitz-van der Waals) work of adhesion according to Dupree s... 

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