Water rinsing characteristics

Solid rinse additives are invariably encountered in the form of tumble drier sheets. The major problem here is one of avoiding premature firagrance loss and this is maybe one instance where some form of heat-triggered fragrance encapsulation is warranted this has been extensively patented by Procter and Gamble (Sec. II.D). Solid or powder rinse conditioners, although they are frequently a topic for the patent literature, have never been a real commercial success because of rather poor cold-water dispersability characteristics. Perfume problems would probably be primarily associated with fatty base odor coverage. 

Od-in-water based hairdressings offer good spreading characteristics, have a less greasy feel, and are more easdy rinsed than water-in-od forms. Mineral od is found in these products, although natural and synthetic ods have been used. The typical od-in-water emulsifiers are used in preparing these emulsions. 

The solubihty characteristics of sodium acyl isethionates allow them to be used in synthetic detergent (syndet) bars. Complex blends of an isethionate and various soaps, free fatty acids, and small amounts of other surfactants reportedly are essentially nonirritant skin cleansers (66). As a rule, the more detersive surfactants, for example alkyl sulfates, a-olefin sulfonates, and alkylaryl sulfonates, are used in limited amounts in skin cleansers. Most skin cleansers are compounded to leave an emollient residue on the skin after rinsing with water. Free fatty acids, alkyl betaines, and some compatible cationic or quaternary compounds have been found to be especially useful. A mildly acidic environment on the skin helps control the growth of resident microbial species. Detergent-based skin cleansers can be formulated with abrasives to remove scaly or hard-to-remove materials from the skin. 

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