Water poisoning

Thallous chloride [7791-12-0] M 239.8, m 429.9 , d 7.0. Crystd from 1% HCl and washed until acid-free, or crystd from hot water (50mL/g), then dried at 140° and stored in brown bottles. Also purified by subliming in vacuum, followed by treatment with dry HCl gas and filtering while molten. (Soluble in 260 parts of cold water and 70 parts of boiling water). POISONOUS. 

McMillan TM, Freemont AJ, Herxheimer A, et al. 1993. Camelford water poisoning accident Serial neuropsychological assessments and further observations on bone aluminum. Hum Exp Toxicol 12 37-42. 

Soluble in water. Poisonous nitrous fumes produced by the action of acids. Avoid contact with combustible materials or acids.2... 

Mcmillan TN, Freemont TM, Herxheimeer A, Denton J, Taylor AP, Paxianas M (1993) Camelford Water Poisoning Accident Serial Neurophysiological Assessments and Further Observations on Bone Aluminum. Hum Exp Toxicol 12 37... 

In the region above the second explosion limit, since all surface reactions are diffusion-controlled and decrease in relative importance with increasing pressure (including it is likely that the terms in and fc ,oH are small, and the expression can be somewhat simplified by ignoring them. However, at those pressures, additional termination reactions of IIO2 become important, which indicates that water poisons the active centers and inhibits initiation, or that H2O has an enormous cross section for the transfer reaction 5 (which is not too likely), or finally that homogeneous termination of H and OH replace wall termination and thus continue the importance of the inhibition reaction 4. ... 

Mercuric Chloride, HgCl2. — Dissolve 50 gm. of the commercial salt in 1000 cc. of warm water. Poison. Mercurous Nitrate, Hg2(N03)2.— (i) Dissolve 50 gm. of the crystallized salt in 1000 cc. of distilled water, add 75 cc. of concentrated nitric acid and a little mercury. 

A mass spectrometric analysis of helium used as an atmosphere for a partially water-poisoned catalyst during irradiation showed no detectable water or its radiolysis products, although the sensitivity and background were such that about 0.03% of the water on the catalyst could have been detected in the gas phase (84). This does not, of course, exclude transplantation of water (or other substances) from place to place on the surface. 

Monohydrate, monoclinic crystals from hot water. Poisonous/ May develop slight odor of bromine on long standing. d 3,99. Dec. at 260°. Sol in watet (g/100 ml) 0.44 (10°) 0.96 (30°) 5.39 (1000. Sol in acetone. Practically insol in ale, most other Organic solvents. 

Octahydrate, transparent crystals or white masses. Very alkaline rapidly absorbs CO, from air, becoming incompletely sol in water. Poisonous/ mp 78. Freely sol in water, methanol slightly sol in ethanol practically insol in acetone. Keep tightly closed. 

Moaohydrate, monoclinic platelets with nacreous sheen from hot water. Poisonous dj7 2.90. Soly (g/100 ml H.Oj 28.6(17) 33.3 (100°). Practically insol in alcohol. 

Barium salt, (Cl2H[0NO3S)3Ba, leaflets slightly sot in water Poisonous/... 

The use of aldicarb has a double impact on people, firstly via poisonings, animal kills or water poisoning and then secondly the residue scandal which can cause economic dislocation in the banana industry past experience shows that embargoes, product recalls and declines in consumption caused by pesticide residue problems often have drastic effects on communities. 

The toxicologist s refrain is Only the dose makes the poison. The most innocuous substances can be deadly in high doses — including water. Believe it or not, there is such a thing as water poisoning. And it can be lethal. 

All NOx-containing combustion gases also contain a significant amount of water vapor (2-15%), therefore resistance to water poisoning is important for practical application of a catalyst. Iwamoto, et al and Li and Hall (9) reported that the catalytic activity of Cu-ZSM-5 for NO conversion to N2 was decreased in the presence of 2% water vapor, but it could be recovered after removal of water vapor. However, Kharas and coworkers (10) found that Cu-ZSM-5 was severely deactivated under a typical automotive fuel lean exhaust gas (10% H2O, GHSV = 127,(X)0 h" ) over the temperature range of 600 to SOO C. The authors attributed the catalytic deactivation of Cu-ZSM-5 to the formation of CuO and the disruption of zeolitic crystallinity and porosity. 

Lead interacts with water producing hydroxide Pb(OH)2. In hard water lead is coated with film, preventing water from being polluted with soluble lead compounds. Detectable lead amount dissolves in distilled water resulting in water poisoning. 

Water used in the dilution of samples can cause error when copper, forming part of a water distillation unit, contaminates the distilled water, poisoning the microorganisms. 

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