Water grades

Ultrapure water To achieve this MU water grade requires the use of several special process features and quality control mechanisms chosen from a wide array of technology tools. Routes chosen may include the provision of UF both pre- and postpurification, carbon... 

Commercial grades Reagent grade nitric acid is 68-71% in water. Grades over 80% are called fuming nitric acid. Special concentration blends are available. 

Water for pharmaceutical purposes, and selection of water grade for pharmaceuticals are summarized in Figures 1 and 2. Specifications of various kinds of water are summarized in Table 1. 

Type III water may be used for glassware washing. (Final rinsing, however, should be done with the water grade suitable for the intended glassware use). It may also be used for certain qualitative procedures, such as those used in general urinalysis. 

Properties Mp 72.5C. Very soluble in water. Grade 42% solution in water. 

Properties Colorless to light-amber liquid. Bp 66-67C (16 mm Hg) d 1.320 (25C), refr index 1.4795 (25C). Soluble in alcohol, benzene, acetone, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, ethyl acetate slightly soluble in hexane insoluble in water. Grade 96-100% purity. 

Lugol s solution. An aqueous solution containing 5 g iodine and 10 g potassium iodide per 100 mL water. Grade USP. 

Properties Colorless liquid. D 0.7161, bp 122.2C. Soluble in alcohol and ether insoluble in water. Grade Technical. 

Properties Light-tan to light-brown, bitter, fine, amorphous powder slight aromatic odor. Sparingly soluble in alcohol very slightly soluble in water. Grade NF. 

Nickel Flake Powder - leafing and water grade products for protective paints (both grades can be used in solvent-based systems)... 

Ten grams 0.1 g of the representative down or feather sample is placed into a 21 plastic jar. One liter of distilled or de-ionized water (grade 3) is added and the jar is closed with a watertight lid. It is then shaken at least 10-15 times by hand to ensure... 

Water Grade Carbon Originally, carbons specifically prepared for purification of potable water supplies later, often used to designate carbons that will remove tastes and odors in applications that do not require decolorization. 

Figure 10. Weight percent bitumen and water (grade) weight percent coarse, fine, and clay-size particles (particle distribution) and weight percent clay (clay content), for the oil sand, overburden, clay layers, and the MFT suspension (21).

This handbook highlights the limitations of iron, nickel, zinc and their alloys in various water grades and provides vital information on corrosion protection measures. The chapters are arranged by the media leading to individual corrosion reactions, and a vast number of alloys are presented in terms of their behaviour in these media. The key information consists of quantitative data on corrosion rates coupled with commentaries on the background and mechanisms of corrosion behind these data, together with the dependencies on secondary parameters, such as flow-rate, pH, temperature, etc. Where necessary this information is complemented by more detailed annotations and by an immense number of references Usted at the end of each chapter. 

The Handbook provides information on the chemical resistance and the corrosion behaviour of iron, nickel, zinc and their alloys in contact with the following water grades drinking water, sea water, industrial and municipal waste water and high-purity water. 

ACTIVITY GRADES (Brockmann activity grades). A standard grading system for the activity (adsorptivity) of alumina based on deactivation with water. Grade I is anhydrous alumina and has the highest activity. Grades II, III. IV, and V contain 3%, 6%, 10%, and 15% (by weight) water, respectively. 

TABLE 3 Result from deodorization of petrochemicals contaminated water (grades/ dilution). 

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