Warp and weft threads

After marking the damaged area, woven fabrics can be separated into warp and weft threads and knitted fabrics unravelled in order to investigate the isolated threads more thoroughly. Do the threads from the damaged area show differences in diameter, twist level or yam composition Are stray fibres discernible ... 

Satin weave The warp and weft threads are crossed in a programmed order and frequency to obtain a flat appearance. As a result, one side of the fabric has more warp threads, while the back appears to consist mainly of weft threads. The higher the satin number (7 satin, 8 satin), the higher the count of warp and weft threads. Satin weaves allow production of fabrics with high mass per unit of surface area, and good drapability over molds. Different satin patterns are used. See Ei t hamess satin and four-harness satin. 

The warp and weft threads within the woven fabric are in nearly perfect 90° alignment. It makes the stmcmre generally stable in its length and width. 

Here the warp and weft threads are crossed in a programmed sequence and frequency in order to obtain the diagonal lines characteristic of this type of weave. Figures 3.2 and 3.3 illustrate examples of 3 on 1 and 2 on 2 twill weaves respectively. Twill weaves drape better than plain weave. 

G Shear stiffiiess gf/cm degree Resistance to rotational movement of the warp and weft threads when subjected to low shear deformation. The lower the value of G, the more readily the fabric will conform to three-dimensional curvatures. 

The general verbalization of this method is still today useful to explain how woven fabrics become a shell three-dimensional geometry during the interlacing process of warp and weft threads. However, the practical operability of a weaving process using a shaped breast beam appears to be difficult and limited to relatively short shell geometries. 

A floatation is the free, unbound fiber length of warp and weft threads between two or more interlacing points. Long floatations will result in a plain, even appearance of the fabric. 

The weave diagram is a graphical sketch of the weave pattern on graph paper. Each square represents a potential interlacing point of warp and weft threads. It has been standardized to represent the warp threads in a vertical direction and the... 

Plain carpets are composed of warp and weft threads without a thread system that would constitute the piie. These carpets are usuaiiy manufactured hy hand in piain weave. 

Weft-knitted NCF can be produced as biaxial and multiaxial fabrics or as two- and three-dimensional near-net-shape textile structures. Warp and weft threads out of rovings are superposed and fixed together with loop systems. Due to the course-wise weft insertion the reinforcing threads remain noncrimped. Through the combination of weft insertion over the entire width or part of the width with or without support of a stitch-transferring device and by changing loop sizes on individual needles, three-dimensional near-net-shape preforms can be produced (Hufenbach, 2007). 

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