Warburg Glycolytic Effect

Figure 5.8. The Warburg anaerobic glycolytic effect. Because of the early growth effects of foci and small neoplasms, the transformed cells separate from the local blood supply and become more anoxic as they expand. Cells at the lead edge show the most effects of O2 deprivation, and this deprivation switches metabolism control in these distal cells from the 38 ATP-rich TCA cycle to glycolysis (only 2 ATPs) and fermentation to lactic acid.

Unwin, R. D., Craven, R. A., Harnden, P., Hanrahan, S., Totty, N., Knowles, M., Eardley, I., Selby, P. )., Banks, R. E. (2003a). Proteomic changes in renal cancer and co-ordinates demonstration of both the glycolytic and mitochondrial aspects of the Warburg effect. Proteomics 3, 1620-1632. 

Because of the HIF-la-dependent Warburg effect observed in tumors, inhibition of the glycolytic pathway, which has been proposed in the literature for decades [221], is an attractive therapeutic approach. Clinical studies in glioma patients have shown that administration of 2-deoxyglucose (2DG) was well tolerated in combination with radiotherapy [222]. In animal models, some groups have reported a synergy of 2DG with chemotherapy or radiation and... 

Enhaneed glycolysis is observed in most of cancerous cells and tissues, called as the Warburg effect In colon and stomach cancer, tumor tissues contained nearly equal or higher amounts of glycolytic intermediates than their corresponding normal eounterparts, and this trend was clearer in colon tissues Methylglyoxal (MGO), a metabolite of the... 

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