Vomiting cyanide poisoning

Or in other more bizarre ways. A 23-year-old medical student saw his dog (a puppy) suddenly collapse. He started external cardiac massage and a mouth-to-nose ventilation effort. Moments later the dog died, and the student felt nauseated, vomited and lost consciousness. On the victim s arrival at hospital, an alert medical officer detected a bitter almonds odour on his breath and administered the accepted treatment for cyanide poisoning after which he recovered. It turned out that the dog had accidentally swallowed cyanide, and the poison eliminated through the limgs had been inhaled by the master during the mouth-to-nose resuscitation. Journal of the American Medical Association 1983 249 353. 

Muraki et al. (2001) have reported a case of systemic rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure in a 35-year old man after acetonitrile exposure. The symptoms were vomiting, convulsion, and loss of consciousness 15 hours after exposure. Initial therapy against cyanide poisoning was only partially effective. 

The drawback of cobalt compounds is their rather severe toxicity. Cardiac effects such as angina pectoris and ventricular arrhythmias, edema around the eyes, vomiting, and death have been observed.71 A clinical caveat is that severe toxicity from cobalt can be seen even after initial recovery from acute cyanide poisoning. 

A. Headache, facial flushing, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, tachycardia, and sweating may occur. These side effects may be masked by the symptoms of cyanide poisoning. 

Overdose (standard dose is a decoction of 4.5-10 g of the kernel) of peach kernel, twig, or leaf may result in poisoning. In children under five, 5 to 10 kernels have caused adverse effects, and 20 kernels have been lethal (Bensky et al. 2004). Symptoms of overdose are similar to cyanide poisoning, including nausea, vomiting, irritation of the gastrointestinal mucosa, headache, dizziness, weakness, blurred vision, increased heart rate, and difficulty breathing (Bensky et al. 2004). 

Toxicology ACGIH TLV/TWA 0.5 mg(Ba)/m can affect humans by inh. and skin absorp. exposure can cause weakness, headache, nausea, vomiting, collapse, possibly death from cyanide poisoning TSCA listed Precaution On contact with acids, acid mists or acid salts, flamm. cyanide gas is formed which can cause rapid poisoning... 

Properties Colorless gas or liquefied gas almondlike odor, acrid and pungent in high cones. very sol. in water, ethanol, ether m.w. 52.04 dens. 0.954 (-21 C) f.p. -27.9 C b.p. -21.1 C Toxicology ACGIH TLV/TWA 10 ppm LDLo (subcut., rabbit) 13 mg/kg poison by subcut. route mod. toxic by inh. human systemic effects nose/throat irritant above 16 ppm reacts slowly with moisture in the body to release the cyanide ion cyanide poisoning causes headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting ... 

Toxicology LD50 (oral, rat) 102 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 310 mg/kg poison by ing., skin contact, subcut. routes mildly toxic by inh. breaks down slowly to release cyanide in body cyanide poisoning can cause weakness, headache, confusion, anxiety, nausea, vomiting, irregular heart beat, convulsions, unconsciousness, death vapor can cause nose/throat irritation at high cones. mild skin and eye irritant may be absorbed thru eyes in toxic amts. TSCA listed Precaution Flamm. 

Remove employee from exposure. Immediately flush eyes with water and wash skin with soap or mild detergent and water. If AN has been swallowed, and person is conscious, induce vomiting. Give artificial resuscitation if indicated. More severe cases, such as those associated with loss of consciousness, may be treated by the intravenous administration of sodium nitrite, followed by sodium thiosulfate, although this is not as effective for acrylonitrile poisoning as for inorganic cyanide poisoning. 

Treat as cyanide poisoning., Always have on hand a cyanide first-aid kit, together with proper instructions.. The onset of symptoms is generally delayed pending conversion to cyanide.. Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhoea, Headache, Dizziness, Rash, Cyanosis, excitement, depression. Drowsiness, impaired judgment, Lack of coordination, stupor, death... 

For an accident involving ingestion of cyanides, administer one pint of 1 percent sodium thiosulfate, and then induce vomiting with soapy water or mustard water. Refer to standard ffist aid manuals for methods of inducing vomiting. It is urgent that all cyanide poisoning cases receive immediate medical treatment. 

---