Volt-ampere characteristics

The adsorption-induced charging of the barriers of such adsorbents results in the change in heights of inter-crystalline barriers and transforms the profile of their distribution function. As the model suggests, it is this change in the distribution function of the heights of barriers, that is responsible for adsorption-induced change of such an important characteristic of polycrystal as the differential coefficients of its volt-ampere characteristics or, which is more convenient for our studies,... 

Fig. 5.21. Volt - ampere characteristic of the secondary election collector with the Au/ZnO film being acted upon by helium metastable atoms of different concentration (d) and neon (/) metastable atoms (2) (6) [164]...

Figure 21. Schematic volt-ampere characteristic curve for a semiconductor diode...

The computational model operates by specifying a value for J, the output current density, which specifies a position on the volt-ampere characteristic. The output voltage, Vq, is the value to be calculated. 

It is clear from the above that to identify the physical mechanisms, responsible for electric transport in LFCM, is a difficult task. Self-sustained currents and spontaneous electric fields will not permit to provide the conductivity measurements in a standard way. The correct way in this situation is to measure volt-ampere characteristic at every temperature point and then to find its derivative, when electric field is close to zero. A heap of such a derivative values will provide a temperature dependence of low-field (ohmic) electric conductivity. There was provided the special investigation for LFCM specific resistance on temperature dependence, where a 80 K < T < 1000 K temperature region has been covered. The temperature dependence of LFCM specific resistance (high temperature region) is indicated in Fig. 5. 

Figure 6. LFCM volt-ampere characteristic at T 550 K. Specific conductivity can be found from its slope.

Volt-ampere characteristics The study of volt-ampere (I-V) characteristics of a material is important with regard to electronic conduction in it. The nature of I-V characteristics provides information [30] electron and hole contribution to the total electronic conductivity. In the following paragraphs, the d.c. I-V characteristics of gum Arabica will be discussed. 

Figure 12.13 The volt-ampere characteristics of the Gum Arabica specimen at room temperature [17].

Series of tests of elements, blocks from several elements and batteries 100, 200 and 500 Wt were made before assembly and test of the ECG-1000. Volt-ampere characteristics were measured at different regimes. 

Resolving (7.31) with respect to i, one gets the volt-ampere characteristic ... 

The dependence i = f V) is shown in Fig. 7.2. At small values of FVfAT, the dependence is close to linear. As FV/AT increases, the current density exponentially tends to im- Such a volt-ampere characteristic corresponds to the ideal electrolyte. Therefore no current greater than im can exist in an ideal electrolyte. This restriction is typical for quiescent electrolytes. If the electrolyte moves, for exam-... 

Although some circuits, and particularly electromechanical networks, are purposely designed to exhibit time-varying volt-ampere characteristics, parametric time variance is generally viewed as a parasitic phenomenon in the majority of practical circuits. Unfortunately, a degree of parametric time variance is unavoidable in even those circuits that are specifically designed to achieve input/output response properties that closely approximate time-invariant characteristics. For example, the best of network elements exhibit a slow aging phenomenon that shifts the values of its intrinsic physical parameters. The upshot of these shifts is electrical circuits the overall performance of which deteriorates with time. 

FIGURE 5 The volt-ampere characteristics of vacuum arcs for various electrode metals. [Reproduced with permission from Davis, W. D.. and Miller, H. C. (1969). J. Appl. Phys. 40, 2212.)... 

The result obtained in the experiment is in agreement with the supposition that, in a given phenomenon in the photo-effect, light behaves as a flux of particles (photons). The results obtained regarding the volt-ampere characteristic shown in Figure 6.38 are deceptive. These results can be explained as follows. 

---