Volatile conversion against

Figure 3. Percentage conversion against volatile matter yield (hot rod mode)...

Figure 9 Sensitivity of volatile nitrogen conversion against variation of inlet concentrations. Air-to-fuel ratio 1.2, O2 concentration 10 v-%, temperature 800°C, residence time 3 s, volatile nitrogen content I w-%. Volatiles composition according to Table 1,...

The heavier fractions (resins and asphaltenes) and the atmospheric residue were analyzed to obtain kinetic parameters toward coke formation. Figure 5.3 shows the volatilization of atmospheric residue, asphaltenes, and resins considered as conversion against temperature. Volatilization is shifted toward higher temperature with... 

The raw data in the more comprehensive study (61) were conversions, determined in duplicate, when each of 104 coals selected from three geological provinces was heated with tetralin under standard conditions, together with the results of 14 commonly made analytical determinations for each coal. An early observation in this study was that when data for all 104 samples were plotted against volatile matter, a steady decrease of conversion with decreasing volatile matter was apparent. But there was a great deal of scatter (r=0.85). In any case, the formal requirements that make possible the employment of valid statistical analyses were not met by the data matrix, as evidenced by skewed and bimodal relationships between the variables the sample set was heterogeneous. ... 

There is no available method to remove this taint effectively (Lay 2004). The removal of precursors (L-lysine and ethanol) is not feasible. As it depends on microbial activity, the preventive measures are similar to those suggested for volatile phenols when there is the risk of D. bruxellensis infection. The prevention of spoilage by heterofermentative lactic bacteria usually advised, like decreasing wine pH values and rapid inactivation by sulphur dioxide, once malolactic conversion is finished, should also be effective against bacterial mousiness. 

Microcapsules with impermeable walls are used in products where isolation of active substances is needed, followed by a quick release under defined conditions. The effects achieved with impermeable microcapsules include separation of reactive components, protection of sensitive substances against environmental effects, reduced volatility of highly volatile substances, conversion of liquid ingredients into a solid state, taste and odor masking, and toxicity reduction. 

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