Visual signals

Qualitative analysis may be carried out by means of visual signals (e.g., spot test reactions) or stationary signals in a given position Zj of a signal function y — f(z), see Sects. 3.2, 3.3 and Fig. 9.1. 

Brandstatter, I. H. Glutamate receptors in the retina the molecular substrate for visual signal processing. Curr. Eye Res. 25 327-331, 2002. 

An acid-base titration is a laboratory procedure that we use to determine the concentration of an unknown solution. We add a base solution of known concentration to an acid solution of unknown concentration (or vice versa) until an acid-base indicator visually signals that the endpoint of the titration has been reached. The equivalence point is the point at which we have added a stoichiometric amount of the base to the acid. 

Each detection circuit should be shown in trouble condition by a separate visual signal. One audible trouble alarm signal may be used for more than one circuit. 

A normal power-on signal lamp should be included in the panel. Failure of normal power should actuate an audible and visual signal. 

FIGURE 2.5 Visual signal is combined with odor release when an alarmed pronghorn Antilocapra americana) flares his "rump patch of long hair covering the ischiadic gland. (Photograph D. Miiller-Schwarze.)... 

Odors are important in sexual behavior of snakes, but less so in lizards, which use primarily visual signals. 

Intersensory elaboration can improve a signal. Scent release can be combined with visual signals into conspicuous displays. Genets, Genetta genetta, rub their flanks on the substrate, a movement accompanied by piloerection. This latter... 

One of the few examples for which the amplification factor at the level of the activated receptor could be determined is for the visual signal transduction pathway (review Lamb, 1996). 

Amplification of the Visual Signal Occurs in the Rod and Cone Cells... 

Duncan, J.L., Yang, H., Doan, T., Silverstein, R.S., Murphy, G.J., Nune, G., Liu, X., Copenhagen, D., Tempel, B.L., Rieke, F., Krizaj, D., 2006, Scotopic visual signaling in the mouse retina is modulated by high-affinity plasma membrane calcium extrusion. J Neurosci 26, 7201—7211. 

We did not discover any published literature on the pheromone biology of ephemeropterans and odonates, likely because these two groups are known to use visual signals in courtship behavior (Thornhill and Alcock 1983). 

---