Visual guide, modeling

We can use the shell model to deduce the type of ion an atom tends to form. According to this model, atoms tend to lose or gain electrons so that they end up with an outermost occupied shell that is filled to capacity. Let s take a moment to consider this point, looking to Figures 6.4 and 6.5 as visual guides. 

Fig. 3.—Fraction of vi, the energy available after iodine atom excitation, which appears in internal excitation of the alkyl fragment, plotted against identity of the parent molecule (arbitrary scale). The points are A, statistical model, eqn (12), a = 0 V, statistical model, eqn (12), a = 1 O, soft radical impulsive model, eqn (13) , experimental , rigid radical impulsive model, eqn (14). The experimental points are derived from the major peaks in fig. 2, assumed to represent I production for CH3I, C2H5I and n-CjH . For iso-CjH the peak may be a mixture of I and I, and the experimental point is the energy disposal averaged between the values for I and I production. The curves linking the points are intended only as a visual guide.

Myopia is a condition in which the eye is too long or the refractive power is too great to bring objects at a distance clearly into focus. Recent studies in animal models have shown that the development of and recovery from induced myopia is associated with visually guided changes in scleral glycosaminoglycan synthesis. 

Finally, critical cues, as visual guides, need to be provided to enable the modeler to appraise progress. For example, the adequacy of data to facilitate identification of a particular parameter or the flexibility of a model to mimic temporal patterns manifest in the data may be issues at the back of the investigators mind as the modeling episode advances. Modeling software must anticipate these and address them in terms that the user is comfortable with as opposed to terms which a scientific programmer might respond to. 

Miall, R. C. and Jackson, J. K. 2006. Adaptation to visual feedback delays in manual tracking Evidence against the Smith Predictor model of human visually guided action. Exp. Brain Res. 172 77-84. 

D-QSAR analyses based on pairwise similarities or distances do not result in a visually interpretable model to guide the design of more potent molecules. Nevertheless, these 3D approaches can provide slightly more reliable forecasts than traditional QSAR. ... 

Figure 4.15 2D-SAXS pattern (a) obtained at four representative strain phases as shown in (b) and (c), and the model to explain the four diffraction spots arising from (110) and (110) lattice planes (d). The pattern at each phase was obtained for the strain phase of [ — A -I-<)> A -I- <)>,] where <, = 0, and 3ii/2 for phase 1-4, respectively and A = 0.194tt. The pattern at each phase was obtained by accumulating the SAXS intensity over strain cycles (N) with 80 < iV < 150. The shaded zones in pattern (a) offer visual guides for the scattering maximum and shoulder. The contour lines numbered 1-5 have respectively, logarithm of scattering intensity of 3.60, 3.40, 2.80, 2.40 and 2.20 for the patterns in phases 1 and 2, 3.45, 2.77, 2.32 and 2.10 for those in phase 3, and 3.65, 3.42, 2.74, 2.28 and 2.05 for those in phase 4 [149].

Comparison of the observed specimen intensity transform with that calculated for a model of the structure of the specimen provides a powerful test of the correctness of the model. In the present contribution we describe some preliminary attempts to simulate fiber diffraction patterns. When the observed and simulated intensity transforms are displayed visually they provide a useful guide to the progress of a structure refinement as well... 

The moderators guide the sessions in an interview-like style. They pose questions, structure the evolving process knowledge, and clarify issues. Simultaneously, the moderators create a work process model by means of WOMS, a modeling tool for work processes (cf. Subsect. 5.1.3). If possible, the model is projected onto a screen that is visible for all participants. This immediate visualization of the work process supports a first validation of the model, in particular the identification of contradictory statements about the work process and the correction of misunderstandings between the participants. 

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