Visual estimation temperature

Observed and calculated intensities of reflections on two oscillation photographs, one of which is reproduced in Fig. 5, are given in Table III. The first number below each set of indices (hkl) is the visually estimated observed intensity, and the second the intensity calculated by the usual Bade-methode formula with the use of the Pauling-Sherman /0-values1), the Lorentz and polarization factors being included and the temperature factor omitted. No correction for position on the film has been made. It is seen that the agreement is satisfactory for most of the... 

Plasma diagnostic diagrams combining all the information from temperature- and density-sensitive line ratios can also be constructed for a given nebula (e.g. Aller Czyzak 1983), plotting for each pair of diagnostic lines the curve in the (Te,n) plane that corresponds to the observed value. The curves usually do not intersect in one point, due to measurement errors and to the fact that the nebula is not homogeneous (and also to possible uncertainties in the atomic data) and provide a visual estimate of the uncertainty in the adopted values of Te and n. 

For the 10% Brij 92/90% Brij 96 mixt ure, difficulties were encountered in obtaining a sharp cloud point reading. The visual estimate of 53.5°C was in poor agreement with the temperature of maximum relative viscosity, 46.0°C, at which relative viscosity was 6.9. The turbidity - determined cloud point of 44.8 C is in fairly good agreement with this value. 

While the viscosity-temperature plots provide a clear visual estimate of fragility, it is more convenient to establish a single parameter that provides a quantitative measure of fragility. Several measures have been proposed, but the most commonly used fragility index is the "m fragility" or "steepness index" defined as [52, 55] ... 

This equation may be used to create a plot, similar to those in Figs. 4.27 and 4.28, in which the logarithm of the estimated lifetime is plotted against the reciprocal of the failure temperature. From plots of this type, the dramatic increases in estimated lifetimes for small decreases in temperature can be more easily visualized. 

The temperature of the inside of a firebox can also be estimated by its visual appearance. Table 20.1 provides a color/heat guide. 

As a result of dynamic simulations we obtained the dynamic trajectory file including the time dependence of the temperature, kinetic, potential and total energy and development of the decomposition process. The animation of the molecular motion during dynamic simulations enables us to visualize the time dependence of the uni-molecular decomposition process, starting from the first bond scission to the release of the nitro-groups N02. The course of dynamic trajectories, i.e. the time dependence of temperature, kinetic, potential and total energy allows us to estimate the parameters characterizing the explosives as to the sensitivity and performance. 

The utility of the algorithm remains, however, even if confidence in the values of simplex-determined individual coefficients is not high. The routine never fails to find a visually correct fit of the model to the data, which allows good estimates of hidden onset temperatures and individual peak areas (which correspond to the latent heats of transformation). 

Lithium trihydridozincate( 1 —) is a white, granular solid which slowly turns black on standing at room temperature. If it is stored at Dry Ice temperature, it remains white for an indefinite period of time. It is not soluble to any extent in ethereal solvents, and it is very sensitive to air and moisture. It is best identified by its x-ray powder diffraction (nickel-filtered CuKa) pattern. The predominant interplanar spacing and the corresponding relative intensities (estimated visually) are d = 6.25 A (m) 4.45 A (vs) 4.30 A (m) ... 

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