Viscoelastic behavior velocity range

Material behavior have many classifications. Examples are (1) creep, and relaxation behavior with a primary load environment of high or moderate temperatures (2) fatigue, viscoelastic, and elastic range vibration or impact (3) fluidlike flow, as a solid to a gas, which is a very high velocity or hypervelocity impact and (4) crack propagation and environmental embrittlement, as well as ductile and brittle fractures. 

One obstacle of the above experiments was the limited velocity range available in commercial FFM, typically 4 orders of magnitude. It is well known that both the time scale and the temperature affect the overall viscoelastic behavior of a polymer system (10). To date the limitations of piezoelectric scanners have restricted the range of temperatures examined to a narrow range near ambient conditions. With newly-designed force microscopes a broader range of temperature variation is now accessible. 

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