Verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli

Morgan G M, Newman C, Palmer S R et al (1988), First recognized community outbreak of haemorrhagic colitis due to verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli 0157 H7 in the UK , Epidemiology and Infection, 101, 83-91. 

Karmali MA, Petrie M, Lim C, et al. The association between idiopathic heolytic uremic syndrome and infection by verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli. J infec Dis 1985 151 775-782. 

Molina, P.M., Sanz, M.E., Lucchesi, A., Padola, N.L., and Parma, A.E. 2005. Effects of acidic broth and juices on the growth and survival of verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC). Food Microbiology 22 469-473. 

Hammermueller J, Gyles CL. The development of a rapid bioluminescent Vero cell assay. In MA Karmali MA and AG Goglio AG, eds. Recent advances in Verotoxin producing Escherichia coli infections. Amsterdam Elsevier 1994 113-16. 

Garber, L., Wells, S., Schroeder-Tucker, L., and Ferris, K. (1999). Factors associated with fecal shedding of verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli 0157 on dairy farms. /. Food Prot. 62, 307-312. 

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) 0157 H7 causes serious hemorrhagic colitis, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, and hemolytic uremic syndrome in humans. Verotoxins produced by EHEC are the pathogens of these diseases. Two different verotoxins have been reported, VTl and VT2, that destroy mucosa and renal epithelium. The effect of macrolides at sub-MIC concentration was reported on the production of verotoxin (VT) by E. coli 0157. Nakata et al observed that the production of VTl was suppressed up to 10 hr when bacteria were incubated with 1/100 of MIC of CAM [83]. The production of VTl reached the control level after 22 hr even with 1/10 of MIC of CAM. On the other hand, production of VT2 was completely suppressed by 22 hr with 1/10 of MIC. This effect was observed when E. coli 0157 was incubated with EM. In contrast to the macrolides, ampicillin at sub-MIC levels did not inhibit the production of both VTl and VT2. To clarify the mechanism of suppression of VT production by macrolides, a macrolide-resistant gene of a S. pneumonia strain, the ermAM gene, encoding an enzyme of methylation of 23S RNA was transformed into an... 

Lingwood CA, Law H, Richardson S, et ah Glycolipid binding of purified and recombinant Escherichia coli produced verotoxin in vitro. J Biol Chem 1987 262 8834—8839. 

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