Vapour-Phase Methods and Grafting

In the grafting method, a gold complex in solution reacts with the surface of a support, forming species convertible to a catalytically active form. Thus, the compounds [Au(PPh3)]N03 and [Au9(PPh3) ](N03)3 have been grafted onto the surface for a number of freshly precipitated wet hydroxides [18,68-73]. 

There have been two reports of direct deposition of gold nanoparticles onto oxide or carbon supports [76,77]. This is an important development from the viewpoint of avoiding contamination of the catalyst with chloride and gives rise to durable catalysts (see Sect. 6.3.3 later). 

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