Vaporizers direct steam heated types

In case of the light oil system, the press-type deoiler is replaced with a devolatizer. The unit resembles a screw-feeder in which both the flights and the through are steam-heated. The system is operated under vacuum, so that the carrier oil is rapidly drawn off the solids as the process stream moves down the flight. To further enhance vaporization, steam may be injected directly into the solids. 

Reforming As discussed, since the MCFC produces waste heat and steam at the anode like the SOFC and can use CO as fuel, an excellent opportunity exists for internal reformation of the fuel gas. There are two types of internal reformation practiced, indirect internal reformation (IRR) and direct internal reformation (DIR). In IRR, the fuel gas is mixed with water vapor, heated inside the stack with waste heat, and reformed over a catalyst bed into a hydrogen-CO mixture. The reformed mixture then enters the active fuel cell area. In DIR, the fuel gas is reformed directly in the active area flow fields. Although the DIR approach is more compact and can theoretically be used to remove a significant portion of the waste heat from the stack, IRR allows the use of different catalysts specifically for reformation, prolonging system life [32]. 

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