Vaporisable liquids

The flash curve of a petroleum cut is defined as the curve that represents the temperature as a function of the volume fraction of vaporised liquid, the residual liquid being in equilibrium with the total vapor, at constant pressure. 

In First World War terms, chemical warfare included not only gas, but liquid flammable material, thermite and smoke. Chapter 2 only deals with what participants referred to as chemicals, gases or war gases. These included real gases such as phosgene and chlorine and also weapons that, while referred to as gases, were in fact vaporised liquids - mustard gas for example - or finely ground solids. 

On the other hand, if transference of heat to or from the system is prevented, increase of vplume (diminution of pressure) will cause that process to take place which is accompanied by increase of volume, i.e, vaporisation. Liquid will therefore pass into vapour, and since this process is accompanied by absorption of heat, the temperature will fall. This is exemplified in the well-known experiment with the cryophorus. 

Fires involving liquids which are soluble in water such as methanol and acetone. These fires can be extinguished with water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, light water, vaporising liquids ( Halons ), carbon dioxide and dry powder. 

Carbon dioxide Dry chemical powder Vaporising liquid... 

A Solid materials, usually organic, with glowing embers Water, foam, dry powder, vaporising liquid and CO2... 

B Liquids and liquefiable solids (i) miscible with water, e.g. methanol, acetone Water, foam (but must be stable on miscible solvents), CO2, dry powder, vaporising liquid... 

Electrical equipment Dry powder, vaporising liquids, CO2 (not computers)... 

Similar reactions can be written out for other hydrocarbons. Higher hydrocarbons tend to decompose more easily than methane and therefore the risk of carbon formation is higher with vaporised liquid petroleum fuels than with natural gas. Another source of carbon formation is from the disproportionation of carbon monoxide via the so-called Boudouard reaction ... 

Carbon dioxide CO2 Panel colour Liquids such as grease, fats, oil paint, petrol, etc. but not on chip or fat pan fires. Do not use on chip or fat. This type of extinguisher does not cool the fire very well and you need to watch that the fire does not start up again Fumes from CO2 extinguishers can be harmful if used in confined spaces ventilate the area as soon as the fire has been controlled Vaporising liquid gas which smothers the flames by displacing oxygen in the air. 

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