Vapor condensor

Refrigerated Vapor Condensor. This removes VOCs from a gas stream by condensation at very low temperatures, typically around -112°F (-80°C). As an example, refrigerated condensation is used to remove gasoline from air displaced by fuel transfer operations. It is most apphcable to gas streams with flow rates less than 1000 standard cubic feet per minute (scfm) and VOC concentrations of at least several hundred ppm. 

FIG. 9 Saponification of alkane sulfochlorides (Leuna technology). 1, Saponification reactor 2, pH control 3, separation tube 4, cooler 5, dilution stirring unit 6, preheater 7, vaporizer 8, cyclone separator 9, condensor 10, cooling roller 11, stirred dissolution tank. 

Figure 16 is a schematic representation of a lyophilizer. The most important features are the chamber, the condensor, which is separated from the chamber but attached by vapor lines, and the vacuum pumps. Within the chamber... 

The polymerization proceeds via living diradicals. Poly(/ -xylylene), poly(2-chloro-p-xylylene), and poly(2,5-dichloro-/>-xylylene) are produced commercially by direct polymerization of the monomer on the surface to be coated. The films, which have only slight gas and water vapor permeability, are mostly used to separate condensor plates. 

Distillation normally involves three pieces of equipment a column, a condensor on top of the column, and a reboiler at the bottom of the column. The reboiler, often a steam-jacketed kettle, is heated so that much of its contents evaporate and flow upwards through the column. The vapors passing out of the column are liquefied in the condensor and much of this condensate is sent back downwards through the column. This countercurrent flow of vapor and condensate is common to all forms of distillation. 

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