Value Quotient Technique

Understanding the Value Quotient technique enables the innovator to identify opportunities—or value dimensions—that are ripe for exploration and exploitation (Exhibit 3.1). The extent to which you can increase value along these dimensions determines the extent to which you will be successful with an innovation project. 

You can use Value Quotient (Technique 3) to compare and contrast competing solutions. 

Use Functional Analysis upstream in your ideation efforts to identify opportunities for improving the value quotient of your future solutions (see Technique 3). A simple Functional Analysis can be performed without the help of an engineer or expert. But for the details involved in complex systems, a value engineer or expert with experience is advisable if not necessary—especially when dovetailing this technique with such other formidable techniques as Axiomatic Design (Technique 31) and Function Structure (Technique 32). 

Using E/R/A, you challenge the reigning beliefs, assumptions, and limitations relative to the status quo to create a list of innovative ideas that will increase your innovation s value quotient (see Technique 3). 

Before you use this tool, it s best to make sure you have clarity on how the current process or product is used to achieve the job to be done (JTBD). Articulate the JTBD and the current approach for delivering its solution. Remind the team to stay focused on the JTBD, so that innovative solutions (with higher value quotients) can be generated, not just incremental improvements to current solutions. (For more information, see Jobs To Be Done, Technique 1.)... 

Provocation is the stepping stone that allows you to carve out useful ideas from illogical thoughts, while keeping an eye on your innovation s value quotient (see Technique 3 for more on this concept). 

The 76 Standard Solutions are contained in the field of TRIZ, specifically substance f eld modeling (Su-Field). As with other TRIZ techniques like Functional Analysis, the 76 Standard Solutions are vested in the notion that all systems can and will be progressively modified to improve their value quotient (see Technique 3). 

Prior to full scale production or delivery, a pilot demonstrates to stakeholders and customers how your innovation addresses both provider and customer expectations. In addition, feedback at this stage helps you hone your offering, increasing its value quotient (see Technique 3) and bringing you closer to achieving the ideal innovation. 

Sometimes it is important to know under what conditions a precipitate will form. For example, if we are analyzing a mixture of ions, we may want to precipitate only one type of ion to separate it from the mixture. In Section 9.5, we saw how to predict the direction in which a reaction will take place by comparing the values of J, the reaction quotient, and K, the equilibrium constant. Exactly the same techniques can be used to decide whether a precipitate is likely to form when two electrolyte solutions are mixed. In this case, the equilibrium constant is the solubility product, Ksp, and the reaction quotient is denoted Qsp. Precipitation occurs when Qsp is greater than Ksp (Fig. 11.17). 

Cation Exchange Capacity. Various techniques have been used to measure the cation exchange capacity of the clay samples. Unless otherwise noted, in computation of equilibrium quotients, we shall use a value of 0.78 equivalents/kg clay, determined by a column method (14) on the calcium form of Wyoming montmoril-lonite at pH 5. 

Besides ellipsometry, reflectometry has proven its value. By this technique adsorbed masses can conveniently be obtained and. if the measurements are carried out with polarized light, also the orientation of the adsorbed molecules. Experiments are usually done at near-normal Incidence, when // Another variant, pertaining to adsorption from solution and sketched in fig. 2.15, can be made fast enough for the kinetics of adsorption to be followed. In the mode shown, fluid is admitted to the surface from bottom to top ("impinging jet") equations are available for the rate of supply in the stagnation point (the "core" of the fluid flow, which hits the surface perpendicularly). The quotient of the reflected Intensities = S is obtained by electronic division, it is... 

Eadon et al.14 devised the toxic equivalency approach. For this, specific dioxin-like compounds are assigned a potency or toxic equivalency factor (TEF) relative to TCDD, which usually has been found to be the most toxic dioxin-like compound and assigned a value of 1.0. The concentration of a specific compound in a sample can then be expressed as a toxic equivalent concentration or quotient (TEQ) by multiplying the concentration of the compound as determined by analytical chemistry techniques by its TEF. Next, the dioxin-like compounds in a sample are assumed to act in an additive manner. Therefore, the TEQ for the sample can be determined by adding together the TEQs for each dioxin-like compound in the sample and the final TEQ can be used in risk assessment. 

Using a spectroscopic technique, the equilibrium quotients for the solvation of Pt(C2H4)Cl3 in water and ethanol were measured at 25 °C and 35 °C 85), when the value for ethanol was 0.02 of the value for the quotient in water in accordance with the weaker solvation in ethanol. 

Indirect calorimetry, a technique that measures Oj consumption and COj production, can be used when more accurate determinations are required for hospitalized patients. A portable indirect calorimeter is used to measure oxygen consumption and the respiratory quotient (RQ), which is the ratio of Oj consumed to COj produced. The RQ is 1.00 for individuals oxidizing carbohydrates, 0.83 for protein, and 0.71 for fat. From these values, the daily energy expenditure (DEE) can be determined. 

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