Vagina rings

Vaginal Rings. Vaginal epithelium is readily permeable to contraceptive steroids. Since the vascular drainage of the vagina bypasses the Hver, this route of adrninistration potentially permits utilisation of dmgs that have low oral activity. 

Vaginal products Estradiol vaginal ring may not be suitable for women with narrow, short, or stenosed vaginas. Women with signs or symptoms of vaginal irritation should alert their physician. 

Vaginal use The contraceptive vaginal ring may not be suitable in conditions that make the vagina more susceptible to vaginal irritation or ulceration. 

The IVR is a polymeric ring-shaped device designed to deliver an active to the vagina. The device is inserted into the vagina where it positions itself near the cervix... 

FIGURE 7 X-ray image of vaginal ring after placement in human vagina. (Reprinted with permission from K. Malcolm et alJournal of Controlled Release, 90,217-225,2003. Copyright 2003 by Elsevier.)... 

Wyatt, T. L., Whaley, K. J., Cone, R. A., and Saltzman, W. M. (1998), Antigen-releasing polymer rings and microspheres stimulate mucosal immunity in the vagina,/ Controlled Release, 50, 93-102. 

The woman inserts vaginal ring in the vagina, where it remains continuously for 3 weeks. Remove for 1 week, during which bleeding usually occurs (usually 2-3 days after removal). 

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