Vacuum infusion

Edible plant tissues, notably of fruits and vegetables, may be saturated with sugar by a process called vacuum infusion, whereby tissues are immersed in the sugar solution and subjected to a vacuum emission of air from... 

Javeri, H. Toledo, R., and Wicker, L. (1991). Vacuum infusion of citrus pectinmethylesterase and calcium effects on firmness of peaches. J. Food Sri. 56 739-742. 

An alternate technology with the potential to minimize labor input and increase product yield was described by Bruemmer et al. (1,2). Vacuum infusion was utilized to permeate the albedo of grapefruit with any of several commercial pectinases. 

In the vacuum infusion process, the fibre sheets are placed in a dry state with a plastic sheet laid over the entire form to create a vacuum. Resin is introduced at one end. The vacuum enables the flow of the resin and an even distribution of the matrix through the fibres. In comparison with the hand laminating process, a higher volume of fibre can be achieved in the composite material. However, it is difficult to control the flow of the resin along edges, comers, etc. It is also not possible to vacuum-infuse honeycomb materials for a sandwich structure. 

Anderson M, Gebart BR, Landstrom S, Langstrom R, Development of guidelines for the vacuum infusion process, FRC2000 Conference, Newcastle, Sep 13-14 2000. 

The vacuum assisted resin transfer moulding (VARTM) process is a variant of vacuum-infusion RTM in which one of the solid tool faces is replaced by a flexible polymeric film (Fig. 23.14). 

Vacuum infusion process (VIP), generally referred to as vacuum-assisted resin transfer moulding (VARTM), in which the resin is introduced into the mould and the preform at less than atmospheric pressure (i.e. a vacuum). 

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