Universal developers, formulas

This is a universal developing formula for film or paper. It is also recommended as a redeveloper for bleached negatives or prints. 

The universal dynamical decoherence control formula was first developed by us for single qubit decay due to interaction with a zero-temperature bath [9, 13] and was later extended to decay and dephasing due to interaction with finite-temperature baths in Refs [11, 21], and finally to multipartite systems in... 

For accounts of the history of the development of structural formulas see Nye MJ (1993) From chemical philosophy to theoretical chemistry. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA Russell CA (1996) Edward Frankland chemistry, controversy and conspiracy in Victorian England. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge... 

Notes At one time, pyro was a universally used developer. It was even available in prepackaged formulas from companies such as Eastman Kodak. Unfortunately, it has been almost entirely replaced by metol-hydroquinone- and Phenidone-hydroquinone-type developers. The main reasons are that pyro stains, it must be handled carefully, and it does not keep well in solution. In other words, it is not as commercially viable as other forms of developers. 

For vinyl polymers, the corresponding formulae contain an additional correlation, as well as the stereoregularity parameter p. They will not be displayed here. More recently, Yoo and Kinsinger (270 ) have developed equations for a in the case that two parameters are required to describe the stereoregularity of the chain. Other recent papers on short-range interactions include those of Hoeve (124), Tobolsky (249 ), Hijmans and Holleman (123 ) and Miyake (185, 185"), but we cannot discuss these here. The recognition of matrix formulations as particularly economical and powerful for these problems is universal. 

Steenberg E (2006) Investigation of the development of bridging students cognitive skills relevant to the use and understanding of chemical formulae and equations. Unpubhshed MSc (Science Ed) thesis, University of South Africa. 

---