Uniformity Control Related to the Morphology of Nanocrystals

Sequenlial growth process 2rd solute actdilion LaMer plot 

The particle growth is usually either diffusion- or reaction-limited, although there are cases where these two processes are comparable. In a solution, a diffusion-limited process is dominant under most conditions and the rate for dr 

This occurs at the start of Stage III as described in the LaMer plot, where nucleation stops but S is still relatively high. At this stage, the size of many just-formed nuclei is only slightly larger than the critical radius r. These nuclei grow into particles by consuming free solute atoms and unstable clusters. On the other hand, 

During the growth of nanocrystals, both thermodynamic and kinetic factors can play important roles in most cases, and either factor may be dominant under certain circumstances. In this section, we discuss the strategies of shape controls of platinum nanocrystals according to the factors in the following two major categories. 

The total excess free energy can further decrease by introducing crystal defects. Twinning defects, those in (111) plane for fee metals in particular, are the most common and widely observed type in the shape control of metal nanostructures [38, 39]. The introduction of twin planes reduces the symmetry and alters the 

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