Ultramicroelectrodes double layer effects

Clearly, then, the chemical and physical properties of liquid interfaces represent a significant interdisciplinary research area for a broad range of investigators, such as those who have contributed to this book. The chapters are organized into three parts. The first deals with the chemical and physical structure of oil-water interfaces and membrane surfaces. Eighteen chapters present discussion of interfacial potentials, ion solvation, electrostatic instabilities in double layers, theory of adsorption, nonlinear optics, interfacial kinetics, microstructure effects, ultramicroelectrode techniques, catalysis, and extraction. 

The second category of electrode response for an ultramicroelectrode occurs at high V. Under these conditions, linear diffusion is operative and the response does not differ from that of conventional electrodes with surface diameters in the 0.1 to 2 mm range. However, the effects of double-layer charging (see Chapter 1) and solution resistance are considerably reduced owing to the small size of the electrode. The transition from low to high V is shown in Fig. 22 for an electrode with r= 1pm at r>=0.03, 10, 500, and... 

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